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cover of episode The mysterious art and science of doing good

The mysterious art and science of doing good

2025/3/18
logo of podcast LSE: Public lectures and events

LSE: Public lectures and events

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A
Andreas
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Jonathan Roberts
J
Julian Le Grand
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Jonathan Roberts: 我在演讲中探讨了在国家和市场之外从事公益事业的复杂世界。当前,许多致力于公益的组织和机构正面临着严峻的挑战,例如资金短缺、技术变革带来的复杂性以及政府资金不足等问题。因此,我们需要认真思考如何有效地做好事,因为做好事的方式将对我们的社会越来越重要。我特别关注了两个新兴趋势:对严谨性和成果的关注,以及商业实践的融入。前者强调通过科学方法来衡量社会干预措施的效果,而后者则尝试将市场机制和商业技巧应用于公益事业。这两种趋势虽然有助于提高效率和影响力,但也引发了一些伦理和实践上的挑战。例如,将商业逻辑引入慈善领域可能会导致利他主义的淡化,以及对弱势群体的忽视。此外,过分强调衡量可能会导致对社会问题的简化,并忽略一些难以量化的但同样重要的价值。在演讲中,我通过M-Kopa公司和Crisis Text Line等案例,分析了市场机制在公益事业中的应用,以及由此产生的伦理困境。我强调,在决定如何做好事时,需要考虑多种知识来源,包括专家知识、用户知识和社区利益相关者知识。同时,我们也需要关注知识的公平性,倾听弱势群体的意见。最终,做好事不仅要关注如何实现目标(工具理性),更要明确目标本身(实质理性),即确定什么是‘善’以及如何定义公共利益。这需要我们认真思考自身的价值观,并权衡各种方法的利弊。 Julian Le Grand: 在与Jonathan Roberts教授的讨论中,我提出了一个关键问题:将商业模式应用于慈善事业是否会让政府在解决社会问题方面‘脱钩’?我指出,虽然在某些情况下,利用市场机制可以有效地解决社会问题,例如Educate Girls在印度提高女童入学率的案例,但这并不意味着政府可以完全置身事外。政府仍然负有责任,需要积极参与并提供必要的支持。我们应该同时努力推动政府采取行动,并利用市场机制来弥补政府的不足。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter explores the apparent contradiction between profit and philanthropy, using historical examples and contrasting viewpoints to set the stage for a deeper investigation into the complexities of 'doing good'.
  • The tension between profit and philanthropy is highlighted.
  • P.T. Barnum's 'profitable philanthropy' is contrasted with Seneca the Younger's view.
  • The lecture aims to explore how to navigate the complexities of doing good effectively.

Shownotes Transcript

Contributor(s): Professor Jonathan Roberts | Private actions for public benefit - philanthropy, charity, voluntary action or social entrepreneurship - have long been at the core of societies, religions and human activity. Fuelled by increasing frustration at the perceived inability of governments, markets and NGOs to solve social and environmental problems, this arena of private action for public benefit is currently experiencing both resurgence and disruption. New ideologies of doing good stress the importance of maximising the social impact of our altruism and seeking long-term solutions to social problems. Innovative mechanisms of financing and organisation mix business practice with philanthropy and charity, stretching from impact investing and venture philanthropy to the social enterprise and the purpose-driven corporation. These new institutions and approaches to private action for public benefit open valuable new windows for achieving social change. But they also create tensions, puzzles and discomfort. In his inaugural professorial lecture, Jonathan Roberts explores how we can navigate this complex and dynamic new world of doing good.