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cover of episode Peter Sloterdijk Knows it All

Peter Sloterdijk Knows it All

2025/3/24
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New Books in Critical Theory

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Thomas Sutherland: 我对斯洛特尔迪克的研究始于他对哲学实践的关注,以及他将哲学史重新解读为实践史的尝试。他的作品中贯穿始终的是对犬儒主义的批判,尽管他后来的作品中不再明确使用“犬儒主义”一词。他的《犬儒主义批判》是对当时德国哲学界的回应,试图超越学院哲学的局限,并非完全否定理性,而是试图规范理性的使用。他批判的是一种“开明的虚假意识”,即人们言行不一,知道真相却无力改变现状。这种“开明的虚假意识”是一种适应良好的悲观主义,它让批判理论家们能够继续做他们的事情,而无需改变自己的生活方式。斯洛特尔迪克试图通过对犬儒主义的批判,提出一种接纳世界现状的心态,即“玻璃宁静”(Gelassenheit),一种被动而非主动的自我概念。他提倡一种回归古代犬儒主义(kynicism)的思想,即言行一致,具有挑衅性、欢愉性、讽刺性等特点。斯洛特尔迪克对犬儒主义的批判,特别是关于批判的无力感和思想与生活脱节的观点,在今天仍然适用。他的“球体”三部曲的核心关注点是“与他人共处”,强调人类存在是一种不可避免的共享经验。“球体”三部曲是对现代个人主义的批判,试图提供一种新的、积极的人类存在概念,强调人类固有的社会性。斯洛特尔迪克的“球体”概念与意识形态分析不同,它强调人类共同创造世界,而非意识形态的强加。“球体”概念强调人类在创造和控制自身处境中的作用,以及社群与免疫之间的张力。将“球体”思维与意识形态分析进行对比,可以作为一种更有用的哲学练习,因为它更贴近现实,且非乌托邦式的。虽然斯洛特尔迪克批判了批判理论的悲观主义,但他对人类存在的描述却显得有些偏执。他的《你必须改变你的生活》一书试图将哲学史重新定义为实践的历史,强调实践的重要性。斯洛特尔迪克认为,人类的本质是不断超越自身,而改变生活则是最重要的伦理要求。斯洛特尔迪克对苦修的过分关注以及对实践的等级化评价,限制了他的历史观。我们可以采取一种更内在的实践方法,而不丧失改变和彻底转变的可能性,避免对实践进行等级化评价。我目前的研究集中在实践、自我塑造以及知识分子形象的形成等方面。

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Today’s guest is Dr Thomas Sutherland, author of the Bloomsbury title, Speaking Philosophically: Communication at the Limits of Discursive Reason)* *(Bloombury, 2024), lecturer in digital media at the University of Southampton, and researcher into digital culture and the humanities, the history of philosophy and contemporary continental philosophy, and technologies of the self.

We discuss three areas that concern the odd character that is Peter Sloterdijk; namely, spheres, the practising life and his rehabilitation of philosophy as wisdom.

Dr Thomas Sutherland is a deep dabbler in Sloterdijk’s thought, having written various papers on his work, including Peter Sloterdijk and the ‘security architecture of existence’: immunity, autochthony, and ontological nativism, and Ontological co-belonging in Peter Sloterdijk's spherological philosophy of mediation. He is also familiar with a regular mention here on the podcast, François Laruelle and his non-philosophy.

We touch on;

  • Sloterdijk’s original work on Cynicism and why it is still relevant today

  • Spheres, co-existence & interdependence

  • The Practising Life & why ‘You Must Change your Life’

  • The Art of Philosophy as Wisdom

  • The strengths and weaknesses of Sloterdijk’s insights

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