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cover of episode Wan-Chuan Kao, "White before Whiteness in the Late Middle Ages" (Manchester UP, 2024)

Wan-Chuan Kao, "White before Whiteness in the Late Middle Ages" (Manchester UP, 2024)

2025/2/28
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Miranda Melcher: 我很高兴今天能与万传考博士谈论他的新书《中世纪后期的白色先于白》,这本书分析了前现代的白色,并通过一系列不同的视角来探讨脆弱性、不稳定性和种族性。 Wan-Chuan Kao: 我是一名中世纪学者,我的研究领域是中世纪后期,特别是晚期中古英语文学,以及性别、性取向和前现代批判种族研究。我的研究挑战了种族是现代发明以及白人研究仅关注生物种族(肤色)的两种假设。 我发现中世纪的“白”包含脆弱性、不稳定性和种族性三个关键概念,它不仅仅是肤色,还体现在语言、知识等不同层面。跨性别研究(特别是“跨性别*”研究)的进展,促使我对“白”的理解从固定不变转向一个前缀空间,即“白”本身并非稳定不变的。 中世纪的“白色脆弱性”表现为一种对自身特权受到威胁的防御机制,通过哀悼和自我表达来展现其脆弱性。例如,在乔叟的《公爵夫人之书》和《珍珠》中,男性角色的哀悼行为体现了这种脆弱性。 中世纪诗歌《珍珠》中对珍珠人工漂白的缺失,反映了当时社会经济变迁中对劳动过程的忽视,以及对财富和身份的强调。 中世纪的“白色不稳定性”指的是社会规范中的断裂,它与社会互动、政治权力以及特定群体或身份的脆弱性和暴力有关。“白色皮衣”的例子说明了这一点,它代表了对基督教身份认同的不安全感和失败。 中世纪的“白色不稳定性”也体现在对物品(如白色皮衣)的审美和情感反应上,它揭示了特定统治意识形态的局限性。在乔叟的《瑟托帕斯》中,骑士被描绘成玩具般可爱,这掩盖了潜在的暴力和创伤。 中世纪的“白色”参与了种族化的过程和策略,这体现在视觉艺术、文学作品和对其他文化(如蒙古和犹太文化)的认知和误读中。 中世纪“白色”的背侧性指的是其时间和空间上的“之前性”,以及身体姿态、性别认同和种族形成之间的相互作用。 我的研究旨在探讨中世纪“白色”与当代身份政治之间的联系,特别是“白色”如何被利用于当代的右翼运动和反多元化运动中。我希望读者能够区分对“白色”的解读和以“白色”为视角的解读,并认识到“白色”是一个过程而非固有的属性。

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White before Whiteness in the Late Middle Ages) (Manchester University Press, 2024) by Dr. Wan-Chuan Kao analyses premodern whiteness as operations of fragility, precarity and racialicity across bodily and nonsomatic figurations.

The book argues that while whiteness participates in the history of racialisation in the late medieval West, it does not denote skin tone alone. The 'before' of whiteness, presupposing essence and teleology, is less a retro-futuristic temporisation - one that simultaneously looks backward and faces forward - than a discursive figuration of how white becomes whiteness. Fragility delineates the limits of ruling ideologies in performances of mourning as self-defence against perceived threats to subjectivity and desire; precarity registers the ruptures within normative values by foregrounding the unmarked vulnerability of the body politic and the violence of cultural aestheticisation; and racialicity attends to the politics of recognition and the technologies of enfleshment at the systemic edge of life and nonlife.

This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose* new book*)* focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars.*

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