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cover of episode Selects: How Itching Works

Selects: How Itching Works

2025/2/1
logo of podcast Stuff You Should Know

Stuff You Should Know

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Chuck Bryant
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Chuck Bryant: 我和Josh讨论了瘙痒的科学,从它的进化起源到我们大脑中发生的复杂神经过程。我们探索了瘙痒和抓挠之间的循环关系,以及为什么抓挠有时会加剧瘙痒。我们还讨论了慢性瘙痒的挑战,以及为什么目前对某些类型的慢性瘙痒缺乏有效的治疗方法。 我们还探讨了瘙痒的神经机制,包括组胺的释放、C纤维神经元的参与以及大脑中特定区域的激活,这些区域负责处理空间定位、情绪反应和不可抗拒的冲动。我们了解到,瘙痒感受器对刺激的感知范围比疼痛感受器大得多,并且瘙痒的发生和缓解都比较缓慢。 我们还讨论了抓挠行为,以及为什么抓挠不一定需要在瘙痒部位进行才能缓解瘙痒。我们还探讨了瘙痒和抓挠之间的循环往复的过程,以及为什么抓挠虽然能暂时缓解瘙痒,但最终可能会加剧瘙痒,因为抓挠会激活疼痛感受器,释放血清素等物质,反而可能加剧瘙痒。 Josh Clark: 我和Chuck一起探索了瘙痒的科学奥秘,从其进化起源到我们对神经机制的最新理解。我们讨论了瘙痒的定义,以及为什么直到最近几十年,科学家才开始认真研究瘙痒。我们还探讨了慢性瘙痒的严重性,以及为什么它对患者生活的影响与慢性疼痛相当。 我们还深入研究了瘙痒的神经通路,从皮肤中的组胺释放到大脑中特定区域的激活。我们了解到,瘙痒和抓挠之间存在一个复杂的循环,抓挠虽然能暂时缓解瘙痒,但它也可能通过释放血清素等物质来加剧瘙痒。 我们还讨论了不同类型的慢性瘙痒,包括神经性瘙痒、神经源性瘙痒和精神性瘙痒,以及目前对这些疾病的治疗方法的局限性。我们还探讨了与瘙痒相关的未解之谜,例如为什么羽毛有时会引起瘙痒,有时会引起发痒,以及为什么让他人抓痒不如自己抓痒有效。

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The evolution of itching is believed to have helped humans survive by prompting the removal of dangerous insects or parasites that could transmit diseases. Itching isn't unique to humans; it's even observed in fish, who rub against rocks to scratch.
  • Itching is a survival mechanism against disease-carrying insects.
  • Itching behavior is seen across the animal kingdom, including in fish.

Shownotes Transcript

It was only in the last few decades that science became aware that itches aren't just low-level pain. And in that time, the mystery of how we itch and why we scratch has gotten even more baffling. Explore the mystery with Josh and Chuck in this classic episode.

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