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cover of episode The right to die

The right to die

2024/12/17
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Today, Explained

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节目主持人:加拿大医疗辅助死亡人数的增加,引发了全球关于安乐死是否合理的辩论,以及对相关法律和伦理的讨论。 Karla Adam:英国下议院首次投票赞成在英格兰和威尔士合法化辅助死亡,这是一个具有历史意义的时刻。支持者强调选择权和自主权,认为这并非缩短生命,而是缩短死亡过程,可以减轻临终痛苦。反对者则担心保护弱势群体、维护生命神圣性,以及关注改善临终关怀而非引入辅助死亡。英国法律的具体细节,例如死亡地点、程序、成本、医生和法官的角色等问题,还需要进一步明确。许多国家都在重新审视对辅助死亡的禁令,一些国家已经立法,另一些国家的法院则实际上使其合法化;一些个案也推动了这一议题的进展。 Maren Kogan:瑞士是首个在其刑法中明确允许辅助自杀的国家,几十年来社会对此存在高度共识。但“自杀舱”的发明打破了这种共识,引发了关于辅助自杀实践的难题。加拿大医疗辅助死亡自2016年以来变得越来越普遍,但引发了关于批准标准和动机的担忧,例如有人出于经济或孤独等非医学原因寻求辅助死亡。加拿大政府报告中案例显示,一些人并非出于生命威胁性疾病,而是出于其他问题(如经济困难、人际关系问题)寻求医疗辅助死亡,引发担忧这可能被利用于弱势群体。 Karla Adam: 英国的辅助死亡法案,将只适用于那些被诊断患有绝症,并且生命剩余不足六个月的成年人,且必须自行服用药物。 Maren Kogan: 瑞士的辅助自杀实践,几十年来社会对此存在高度共识,但“自杀舱”的发明打破了这种共识,引发了关于辅助自杀实践的难题。在加拿大,医疗辅助死亡变得越来越普遍,但引发了关于批准标准和动机的担忧。一些人并非出于生命威胁性疾病,而是出于其他问题(如经济困难、人际关系问题)寻求医疗辅助死亡,引发担忧这可能被利用于弱势群体。

Deep Dive

Key Insights

What percentage of deaths in Canada involve medical assistance?

Around 1 in 20 people in Canada now die with medical assistance.

Why do some Canadians choose assisted dying?

More than one in three people opting for assisted dying in Canada cited feeling like a burden on others as the reason.

What was the outcome of the recent UK Parliament vote on assisted dying?

The House of Commons voted 330 to 275 in favor of legalizing assisted dying in England and Wales, marking a historic first.

What are the main restrictions for assisted dying in the UK proposal?

The proposal applies to adults with terminal illnesses who have less than six months to live and requires the individual to administer the drug themselves.

Why do advocates support assisted dying?

Advocates argue it provides choice and autonomy, shortening the process of death rather than life, and alleviates suffering at the end of life.

What were the main arguments against the assisted dying bill in the UK?

Opponents argued for protecting the vulnerable, preserving the sanctity of life, and focusing on improving end-of-life care rather than introducing assisted dying.

How popular is assisted dying in the UK?

Polls show over 70% of people in the UK support assisted dying, with some restrictions.

Which countries have recently legalized assisted dying?

Austria, Spain, and Portugal have all passed laws legalizing assisted dying since 2021.

What is the 'suicide pod' and how does it work?

The suicide pod, called SARCO, is a device that uses nitrogen gas to end life. The user lies inside, confirms their intent, and presses a button to initiate the process.

Why is the suicide pod controversial?

The pod removes doctors from the process, which raises ethical and legal questions, and has only been used once, by an American woman in Switzerland.

What concerns have been raised about assisted dying in Canada?

There are concerns that some people are being approved for assisted dying for reasons beyond terminal illnesses, such as financial insecurity or loneliness.

Why is the debate over assisted dying ongoing?

The debate balances the desire to alleviate suffering with the need to protect the vulnerable, and societies are still working out the details of how to implement these laws responsibly.

Shownotes Transcript

A growing number of countries are legalizing assisted suicide, mostly for terminally ill patients. The Washington Post's Karla Adam and Vox's Marin Cogan explain the debate over right-to-die policies.

This episode was produced by Miles Bryan, edited by Matt Collette, fact-checked by Laura Bullard, engineered by Patrick Boyd and Andrea Kristinsdottir, and hosted by Noel King.

Transcript at vox.com/today-explained-podcast)

Support Today, Explained by becoming a Vox Member today: http://www.vox.com/members)

A "suicide pod" in the Netherlands. Photo by AP Photo/Ahmad Seir, File.

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