Neil deGrasse Tyson: 我认为重要的是要理解引力是否真的是一种力,或者它是否仅仅是时空对质量的反应。我们是否应该像对待其他基本力一样对待引力?
Charles Liu: 从广义相对论的角度来看,引力实际上是时空的一种曲率,而不是传统意义上的力。在小尺度下,例如在地球或太阳系中,我们无法区分加速度和时空曲率。然而,在极端环境下,例如黑洞或宇宙的开端,这种差异变得至关重要。标准模型中缺少传递引力的粒子(引力子),这使得引力成为一个特殊的边界条件。尽管我们尚未直接探测到引力子,但引力波的发现暗示了它的存在。此外,暗物质可能与另一个宇宙的引力泄漏有关,这为我们理解宇宙的结构提供了新的视角。
This chapter explores the nature of gravity, questioning whether it's a force or a curvature of space-time. The discussion involves general relativity, quantum theory, and the hypothetical graviton particle. The possibility of parallel universes influencing our space-time is also considered.
General relativity describes gravity as a curvature of space-time, differing from Newton's theory on small scales.
Quantum theory suggests the existence of a graviton particle mediating gravity.
The interaction between general relativity and quantum mechanics remains a frontier of research.