cover of episode Co.02 童年创伤不应该成为“无期徒刑”(x 跨界心理咨询师Kristin Calabria)

Co.02 童年创伤不应该成为“无期徒刑”(x 跨界心理咨询师Kristin Calabria)

2023/3/25
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Kristin Calabria: Bridge Lab致力于通过多层级支持系统,为儿童及其周围的核心生态圈(监护人、教师等)提供心理支持,以应对童年创伤带来的影响。该系统包括预防性护理、危机干预和一对一支持,并与学校、教师和家长紧密合作。 童年逆境经历(ACEs)对儿童的健康和发展具有长期影响,包括身体健康问题、心理健康问题和社会适应问题。许多儿童的负面行为和心理问题都源于未被治疗的童年创伤,而这些创伤往往与系统性压迫和集中劣势的社区有关。 作为第三文化儿童,我从小经历了种族歧视和身份认同的困境,这深刻影响了我的人生选择和对儿童心理健康的关注。我亲历的儿童自杀事件也促使我致力于帮助儿童。 在心理治疗中,文化敏感性至关重要。我们需要真正理解和感同身受不同文化背景儿童的经历,才能有效地提供帮助。以白人为主导的心理咨询行业往往缺乏这种文化敏感性。 干预要在来访者愿意改变的情况下才有效。我们需要帮助儿童和家长相信改变的可能性,并建立支持系统,不仅关注孩子本身,也关注承受巨大压力的家长。 儿童具有内在的韧性,但他们也容易受到环境的影响。我们需要帮助他们建立自信,并引导他们认识到自己的感受和行为模式。 我们不应回避差异,而应通过提问等方式,促进理解和包容。 Fiona: 本期节目探讨了童年创伤对儿童身心健康的影响,以及如何通过预防、干预和文化敏感性的方式来帮助这些儿童。 我们了解到童年逆境经历(ACEs)研究的发现,以及这些经历与儿童不良行为和心理健康问题之间的关联。 我们也探讨了第三文化儿童所面临的独特挑战,以及种族歧视对儿童心理健康的影响。 节目中,Kristin Calabria分享了她创立Bridge Lab的初衷,以及他们如何通过多层级支持系统来帮助儿童。 此外,我们还探讨了文化敏感性在心理治疗中的重要性,以及如何帮助儿童和家长相信改变的可能性,并建立有效的支持系统。 最后,我们还讨论了自我觉察在儿童心理健康中的作用,以及如何帮助儿童认识到自己的感受和行为模式。

Deep Dive

Key Insights

What is the main mission of Kristin Calabria's non-profit organization, The Bridge Lab?

The Bridge Lab aims to provide psychological support to children and their core ecosystems, including guardians and teachers, to address systemic oppression in education and prevent childhood adversity from becoming a life sentence.

What did the Kaiser ACE Study reveal about childhood adversity?

The Kaiser ACE Study found that individuals who experienced four or more adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) were at higher risk for health issues such as COPD, heart disease, cancer, substance abuse, and suicidal tendencies. Untreated ACEs are strong predictors of negative health outcomes.

Why did Kristin Calabria transition from being a yoga teacher to a therapist?

Kristin transitioned to therapy after witnessing three child suicides during her time as a yoga teacher. These incidents were linked to high expectations and lack of support, which motivated her to return to school and become a therapist to address these issues.

What challenges do third-culture kids like Kristin face?

Third-culture kids often struggle with identity and belonging, as they grow up in multiple cultures but may not feel fully integrated into any. Kristin experienced this firsthand, feeling out of place in both her father's and mother's cultures due to her mixed racial identity.

How does systemic racism affect children of color in the U.S.?

Systemic racism in the U.S. creates barriers for children of color, leading to higher rates of mental health issues, academic struggles, and involvement in the juvenile justice system. Many of these children face generational trauma and lack access to culturally sensitive mental health care.

What is the significance of culturally sensitive therapy in mental health care?

Culturally sensitive therapy is crucial because it acknowledges the unique experiences and challenges faced by individuals from diverse backgrounds. It helps build trust and understanding, which is often missing in predominantly white mental health care systems.

How does play therapy help young children express their emotions?

Play therapy allows children to express their emotions and experiences through imaginative play. By taking on roles and scenarios, children can explore their feelings in a safe and non-threatening environment, which helps therapists understand and address their underlying issues.

What is Kristin's perspective on the resilience of children?

Kristin believes children are inherently resilient and capable of overcoming adversity when they have supportive adults around them. She emphasizes that children are not inherently weak but are shaped by the stories and expectations placed on them by society.

Why does Kristin disagree with the idea that ignoring differences eliminates bias?

Kristin argues that ignoring differences does not eliminate bias; instead, it perpetuates it. She believes acknowledging and celebrating differences is essential for creating a more inclusive and understanding society, especially for children navigating their identities.

How does Kristin view her non-traditional career path?

Kristin sees her diverse career path—from actor to yoga teacher to therapist—as a series of tools that have shaped her identity. She believes each experience has contributed to her ability to connect with others and succeed in her current role as a therapist.

Chapters
本期节目探讨童年逆境对儿童身心健康的影响,以及如何通过心理支持和干预来帮助儿童克服童年创伤。嘉宾Kristin分享了自己创办非营利组织The Bridge Lab的初衷,以及她对童年逆境研究(ACE Study)的解读。
  • 童年逆境不应成为终身监禁
  • Kaiser ACE Study显示童年逆境与多种健康问题相关
  • 高期望值和缺乏支持是导致儿童自杀的重要因素

Shownotes Transcript

🔴 本期播客语言:英文(含中文引导) 🧩 本期 Guest Speaker:Kristin Calabria

十年前,Kristin从波士顿大学表演系毕业后,开始在纽约做演员,而后转行成为一名带着几千人上课的职业瑜伽教练。19年,她又重返校园,开始读临床心理学的硕士,毕业后正式成为心理工作者。目前,她是一位执照的婚姻家庭治疗师(LMFT),全美瑜伽联盟资深注册导师(E-RYT),同时她也运营着一家非营利组织The Bridge Lab),为儿童及他们周围的核心生态圈(监护人、教师等)提供心理支持。

去年,我在一个社会创新的项目中结识了Kristin,她在为自己的项目做路演时,我被她的个人故事频频打动,尤其是她经常提到的一句话:Childhood adversity should not be a life sentence,一听就有很多故事可以挖掘,于是就约她来播客中讲述更多。

在这期播客中,Kristin会聊聊为何自己在看见也亲历童年创伤后,最终想成为那个治愈者。她也从咨询师的视角聊聊她眼中的儿童。特别的,在这些经历中,有很大一部分与种族歧视有关,这也是为什么她想通过自己非营利组织所做的事来“终止教育系统中的系统性压迫”(end systemic oppression in education)。 🧩 收听导引

Intro

00:06 简单介绍本期伙伴 Kristin和英文播客的收听小贴士

Section 01 | Kristin的NGO和Slogan背后的故事 Slogan:childhood adversity should not be a life sentence. 02:28 The Bridge Lab在做什么?

03:28 童年不良经历社会研究(Kaiser ACE Study):时间不是治愈一切的良药

07:33 做瑜伽老师时亲历了3起儿童自杀事件,原因都是:高期待,无支持

Section 02 | 种族歧视与身份建构的困境

08:53 第三文化小孩(third-culture kid):世界公民?却在任何一种文化中都找不到归属感

15:32  历史依然在重演:美国梦?或许只是幸存者偏差

20:53 来访的儿童,大部分都是children of color

Section 03 | 心理治疗会如何帮助这些儿童

25:10 文化敏感度(culturally-sensitive):真正意义上的感同身受,是predominantly white的心理咨询行业所缺失的

30:09建构支持系统:在一个高压的环境中,需要被照顾的不仅仅是孩子本身,大人们都超负荷了

31:55 干预要在相信的情况下才有效,那如果来访者不愿意承认自己有心理问题怎么办?

Section 04 | 咨询师视角下的儿童

37:30 They are inherently resilient!

Section 05 | 你认同“不强调差异,就不存在偏见” 吗?我不

42:56 过去的人生中,我大部分时间都想极力掩盖自己的多种族身份,但现在我想为此庆祝

46:20 觉察是改变的开始:反偏见的最小行动 —— 提问!

Section 06 | 尾声

51:07 跨界故事:比起用不同的职业标签来定义自己,我想把它们视作为成为自己的工具

57:41 送给听众:困难时,别总想着靠自己,找到你可以依赖的人,彼此扶持着走下去

🧩播客图文/逐字稿

英文转录逐字稿:点击此处查看)

中文精华图文稿:@公众号【CoChildren】)

🧩 英文小黑板 / 名词解释

*时间线顺序出现

  • systemic oppression 系统性压迫
  • preventative care vs crisis intervention 预防性护理 vs 危机干预(前者是问题发生前介入,后者是问题发生后介入)
  • Kaiser Permanente) 美国凯撒健康医疗集团,总部位于加州,成立于1945年,在国际上享有盛誉
  • ACEs (Adversity Childhood Experiences)童年不良经历,指的是发生在儿童时期(18 岁以前)的潜在创伤事件,包括经历暴力、虐待或忽视;目睹家庭暴力;家庭成员自杀未遂或死亡;成长在有心理健康或药物使用问题的家庭中等。
  • ACE(Adversity Childhood Experiences) Study) 童年不良经历研究,是90年代中期,CDC(美国疾控中心)和Kaiser Permanente发起的大规模社会调查,针对加州的17000多名参与者(主要背景是中产阶级、白人、大学以上教育水平),用10道题来测试了他们在童年时期是否有过创伤体验。
  • COPD 慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary disease)
  • illicit drugs 非法毒品
  • truancy逃学
  • graffiti 涂鸦,乱涂乱画
  • detention, suspension, and expulsion 监管, 停学,开除
  • concentrated disadvantage) 集中劣势,指的是社会经济地位(SES, social economic status)较低的居民所占比例较高的社区。
  • classroom to courtroom 从教室到法庭,这里指的是有许多学生因为心理问题没有得到及时干预,最后都进了监狱
  • juvenile justice system青少年司法制度
  • Philadelphia 费城 [美国地名]
  • predominantly white 以白人为主的
  • overt racism 公然的种族歧视
  • grocery store 杂货店
  • monolingual 单语的,只用一种语言的
  • Ching Chong 原为嘲笑中国掏金者的英文口音,笑华人发音不准,现为嘲笑华人的种族歧视名词
  • dissect 仔细剖析,这里指的是推特现在对公然的种族歧视言论会进行仔细地审查
  • relentlessly 无休止地,持续不断地
  • embedded into 渗透到…/植入…
  • generational trauma代际创伤
  • SES:social economic status,社会经济地位
  • class mobility 阶级流动
  • outliers 异常值/离群值,这里指的是很多被媒体所宣传的美国梦的成功是“幸存者偏差”,不代表大多数
  • Kota Kinabalu 哥打京那巴魯(亚庇)[马来西亚地名]
  • Kuala Lumpur 吉隆坡[马来西亚地名]
  • Asian descent 亚裔后代
  • hispanics 西班牙裔
  • indigenous 土生土长的
  • deported or incarcerated 被驱逐出境的或是被监禁的,这里指的是有些孩子可能会因为父母因为前面两种原因而不在身边,第一监护人由其他长辈担任
  • symptomology 症候学
  • maladaptive 适应不良的
  • suicidal ideation 自杀念头
  • rumination 反刍(就是反思地太多)
  • substance use 药物滥用
  • miss the mark 没有击中要害
  • self sabotage 自我摧毁
  • a chink in their armor 盔甲上有裂缝,这里比喻很多人不敢承认自己有心理问题
  • pattern recognition machine 图像识别机器
  • amoeba 阿米巴变形虫,单细胞生物
  • Caucasian 高加索人,白种人
  • intersectionality (of identity) 身份交叉性
  • endorsements 背书
  • stage presence 舞台表现
  • cornerstone 基石
  • pivot career 转换事业
  • spider web vs excel spreadsheet  蜘蛛网 vs EXCEL表单,这里比喻自己的思维模式更像是非线性交织富有创造力的 or 像表单一样线性不逾矩的
  • denigrating 诽谤
  • vetting process 审查过程
  • in alignment 相符/一致

🧩 更多或许有用的分享

1. 关于ACEs(童年不幸经历)的更多内容:

  • Consequences of ACEs↓

Credit: Robert Wood Johnson Foundation)

2. Intersectionality 身份多元交叉性 Source:Identiversity | Digging into intersectionality)

👉这个视频解释很好懂:What is intersectionality?)

**3. **BBC - Third Culture Kids:Citizens of Everywhere and Nowhere (Kate Mayberry))

4. 关于儿童Play Therapy(游戏治疗)的更多内容

🧩 节目制作

全流程制作 / Fiona

视觉设计/ Malcolm

主题曲 / Monkey

音效 / Free Music @Apple Garage Band

🔍了解更多关于Kristin和她在做的项目

The Bridge Lab:www.thebridgelab.org)

📩来CoChildren:串台/ 做客 /推荐嘉宾 @Why Working with Children?

邮箱:[email protected]

微信:cochildren

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