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cover of episode Black women's deep roots in country music

Black women's deep roots in country music

2025/1/31
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Recy Palmer
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Taylor Crumpton
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专注于电动车和能源领域的播客主持人和内容创作者。
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Taylor Crumpton: 我认为碧昂丝的《牛仔卡特》是一部美国杰作,是过去50年来最优秀的美国专辑之一。它象征着美国所有音乐类型,巧妙地将其伪装成乡村音乐,实则融合了多种美国音乐风格。每一位黑人音乐家、艺术家和演艺人员都是美国的一部分,他们创造并革新了美国诞生的每一种音乐类型。《牛仔卡特》的创作灵感源于2016年碧昂丝在CMA颁奖典礼上与The Chicks合作演唱《爸爸的教训》后遭受的种族歧视。2016年碧昂丝在CMA颁奖典礼上的表演,正值美国多个社会运动兴起,她因倡导黑人生命权利而遭受乡村音乐界的强烈反弹。碧昂丝的高明之处在于她始终保持神秘感,让听众自己去解读她的作品。碧昂丝在《牛仔卡特》发行前后发布的Instagram帖子暗示了该专辑的创作动机,即2016年CMA颁奖典礼上的经历。在《牛仔卡特》中,碧昂丝将个人经历、血统和祖先与乡村音乐和美国历史联系起来,展现了黑人女性的视角。作为德州黑人,碧昂丝同时拥有自豪感和对州内持续存在的反黑人和性别歧视的清醒认识。由于美国对非裔美国人的歧视,许多人通过大迁徙离开南方,导致南方身份和传统被淡化,甚至被视为落后。碧昂丝反复强调她的南方血统,是对那些曾因其南方黑人身份而否定她的人的回应,她以此证明南方是天才和创新的发源地。 Recy Palmer: 碧昂丝的成功让更多人关注乡村音乐中的黑人女性,这是好事,但不能将她的成就与长期在该领域奋斗的艺术家相提并论。将碧昂丝的成功与其他黑人女性乡村音乐家的成就进行比较是不公平的,因为碧昂丝的全球影响力是独一无二的。碧昂丝的成功为更多黑人乡村音乐家和活动家提供了发声的机会,揭示了纳什维尔乡村音乐产业的内幕。乡村音乐是她表达自我的方式,她的南方经历和母亲对乡村音乐的热爱塑造了她对音乐的理解。她最初并未认为在乡村音乐领域取得成功是可行的,是两位黑人女性经理鼓励她追求自己的梦想。琳达·马泰尔是首位在商业上获得成功的黑人女性乡村音乐家,也是首位在大奥普里演出厅演出的黑人女性乡村音乐家。琳达·马泰尔在职业生涯中面临种族歧视,她与乐队成员不能一起乘坐汽车,因为这在南方会被误认为是卖淫而被逮捕。琳达·马泰尔只发行了一张专辑,她的第二张专辑被唱片公司搁置,她随后被纳什维尔黑名单,被迫放弃音乐事业。虽然互联网和社交媒体让更多黑人乡村音乐家获得了曝光机会,但纳什维尔乡村音乐产业仍然存在着问题,市场营销方式仍然存在偏见。纳什维尔乡村音乐产业需要改变其市场营销方式,才能更好地推广黑人乡村音乐家,并让黑人观众感到安全和舒适。罗塞塔·瑟普是一位传奇的音乐家,她的音乐融合了福音、摇滚和布鲁斯等多种风格,她也是一位出色的吉他手。在早期教会音乐中,吉他等乐器经常被使用,这与乡村音乐的传统有着密切的联系。碧昂丝在《牛仔卡特》中翻唱披头士的《黑鸟》,向民权运动中的黑人女性致敬,并展现了黑人女性的韧性和毅力。碧昂丝在《黑鸟》中与其他四位黑人女歌手合作,她们代表着乡村音乐的未来。尽管碧昂丝的专辑为几位黑人女歌手带来了机会,但她们目前并没有在乡村电台播放,这反映了乡村音乐产业仍然存在的问题。 Meghna Chakrabarty: 作为主持人,引导话题讨论,并对嘉宾观点进行总结和补充。

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Beyoncé's album, Cowboy Carter, topped country music charts, making her the first Black woman to achieve this. While she claims it's not a country album, it celebrates Black women in country music and other American genres. The album's significance and origins are discussed, referencing Beyoncé's 2016 CMA performance.
  • Beyoncé's "Cowboy Carter" album topped country music charts, a first for a Black woman.
  • The album is a blend of various American music genres.
  • Beyoncé's 2016 CMA performance is a key background event.

Shownotes Transcript

Translations:
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This ain't Texas.

Beyonce says she's always been country. Now she's the first Black woman to top country music charts, and this song, Texas Hold'em, debuted at number one on Billboard's Hot Country Songs in February 2024.

With her album, Cowboy Carter, Beyoncé is now the most Grammy-nominated artist in history. The Grammys are this weekend, and Beyoncé is up for 11 awards, including Best Country Solo Performance, Best Country Duo Performance, Best Country Song, and Best Country Album. And yes, Beyoncé is also nominated, again, for that one Grammy she's never won, Album of the Year. Woo!

This is On Point. I'm Meghna Chakrabarty. Beyonce has said Cowboy Carter is not a country album. It's a Beyonce album. But the work centers and celebrates decades of Black women in country music, as well as Americana, the blues, the list goes on. So that's what we're looking at today. Black women in country music. And we're going to start with Taylor Crumpton. She's a journalist and writer based in Chicago. Taylor, welcome to On Point.

Thank you so much for having me on. So I'm just going to disclose everything right here at the top. When Cowboy Carter first came out, I listened to the whole thing and I've listened to it probably 50 or 60 times since then. And I actually consider it an American masterpiece, like one of the finest American albums in the past 50 years for sure. So beyond that, I'm not sure what else I can add. When you first heard the album, like what did you think? Yeah.

I was so thankful for this piece of art that Beyonce has given us because to piggyback off of you, it was a symbol of every genre that has come out of the country of the United States. I think it was very tongue in cheek for her to say, you know, this is not a country album. This is a Beyonce album, but also everything.

asking listeners to think about music that comes out of the country of the United States. I think she almost used it as a Trojan horse. And we know horses have played such a big part in her imagery for Act One and Act Two that this album came under the guise of country. But you're hearing Americana, folks, blues, hip hop, all of these American genres that have been created in this country.

And every single Black musician, Black artist, Black entertainer is a part of this country and has performed and actually innovated every single genre that has come out of the country of the United States of America. I completely agree. There's going to be a lot of agreement in this hour.

But in the second half of the album, she advances that tradition by paying homage to all the influences that you just talked about and then doing exactly what you said, innovating yet again. And making this declaration, now here's the next step, Beyonce's next step in defining what American country music is. I'm getting ahead of myself, though. You mentioned Act I and Act II. Can you just remind folks of the backstory behind Cowboy Carter? Where did it come from?

Cowboy Carter was first originated or conceived after the infamous 2016 CMA performance when Beyonce "Gazelle" Nose Carter performed "Daddy Lessons," which is her first country track off of "Lemonade" with the Chicks at the CMA Awards.

At the time of her performance, if we think back about this country in 2016, a lot of social movements were going on. The first one that comes to mind, the Black Lives Matter movement, a movement of civil rights and human rights for African-Americans in this country that Beyonce and her husband Jay-Z have at that time bailed out protesters. Beyonce included the Mothers of the Movement in one of her visuals for Lemonade and aligned herself with this movement.

for Black lives and Black rights in the United States. And because of her advocacy, she was subjected to intense anti-Black and anti-woman sentiments from the country music industry at that performance. One of my friends, Tanner, who works for the Black Opry, which is a Black-led country music organization, was in the audience and heard people say, get that N-word, B-word off the stage. Wow.

Oh, my gosh. OK. So we actually have a little clip, audio clip, obviously, of the performance. And Beyonce was on stage with the Chicks, right? Because she had also recorded with the Chicks a kind of extended version of Daddy's Lessons. And I think I remember hearing Natalie Maines from the Chicks saying she loves this song and wish she had written it. But they were all together on the stage at the Country Music Awards in 2016. And here's just a little bit of that performance. All right.

So Taylor, as you're saying, the audience's reception is really what Beyoncé was responding to. You can't tell when you hear the audio there, but if people, you can go online and find the video. Some people are kind of like enjoying the music, but an overwhelming number of them look very, very uncomfortable.

or downright hostile, right, to seeing a Black woman on stage. Did Beyoncé later declare that that was exactly why she made Cowboy Carter?

Beyonce is so smart to tell us never exactly. There's a mystery and glamour and allure to her, which I think we have to appreciate. I think it speaks back to the entertainers that she grew up with and idolized, like Diana Ross, Prince, and Michael Jackson, who never gave you the full picture and allows consumers and fans and artists and critics to also try to figure out this puzzle for themselves.

But in her Instagram post that was released around the release of Cowboy Carter, she alluded to it, that this was the moment that

That made her sit down and look at the history of black women in country music. And I think she is such a scholar because she takes from one of the tenets of black feminism of black women having to self-author and put themselves in conversation and write their own narratives. And I think with Cowboy Carter, she's putting her own personal story.

story, her ancestry, her genealogy, everyone who has come before her and made her who she is in conversation and in the narrative of country music and this country's history as a Black woman. Yeah, I think that's so well put.

Because not only in Cowboy Carter, but in so many of her other albums, she does not hesitate to remind us she's from Texas. Right. And like that is a major part of, you know, her experience as a black woman in America. So her connection to country actually goes way back. I have to admit, I did not know this, but I have a fabulous team. They do incredible research. Right.

And my producer, Claire, reminded me that Beyoncé actually performed at the Houston Rodeo.

back when she was with Destiny's Child in 2001. And so we have an excerpt from an interview about the performance. And in this interview about her performing at the Houston Rodeo, she mentions her Texas roots. No one can take away my Houston, Texas, southern girl-ness. Now, Taylor, are you from Texas, too?

I'm from Dallas. You're from Dallas. OK, so I'm not going to get Houston and Dallas mixed up, I promise. I would never do that to a Texan. But can you talk to me about why as a as a black woman, Beyonce, I guess I'm asking you to read her mind, but why it's important for her to keep talking about, you know, her Texas roots, also her Louisiana Creole roots through her through her her mother. Tell me more about that.

To be a Black person from Texas is to hold several realities at once, to be proud of your state, one that prides itself at one point in time being its own country and republic. So I think every Texan carries themselves with a sense of independence and agency and autonomy. Yet putting that agency and liberation and autonomy on top of a body that is Black and also female that has to deal with

centuries-long anti-Black legislation in the state of Texas that still continues on to this day with the Texas GOP and also the misogynoir that exists in Texas. It's hard to love a state but also understand that that state at points in time's history does not love you. Yet again,

Because of the treatment of African-Americans in the United States and those that fled the South via the Great Migration, those who came from Texas to California, from Mississippi to Chicago to escape the overt white supremacist nature that was happening in the Deep South, there was almost this disassociation of white.

Southern identity and Southern heritage because it wasn't seen as urban or a cosmopolitan. There was this almost washing away of anything that was Southern and country and Texas and rural. And you see it more in hip hop where when Southern rappers started rapping, people from the East and the West Coast said that they couldn't rap because they were country and illiterate and backwards. They even said that Southern rappers tongues were too slow to rap.

And for Beyoncé to, in my opinion, also be a phenomenal rapper, she was rapping when she was in Destiny's Child. She grew up in the music industry hearing that because she was Black in Texas and Southern, that she could not be this urban, cosmopolitan elite. So when she's making this reference repeated times throughout her career that she is Southern, that she is Texas, that she's Louisiana, that she's Alabama, that she has all of this within her,

And my in my personal opinion is her saying for every single person who's told me in the music industry or in pop culture that I cannot achieve all of these goals because I am from the South and I'm a black person from the South. Let me remind you that this is a birthplace of genius and innovation. Without a doubt. OK, so let's listen to a little bit more from a performance Beyonce did.

This is a special halftime show, which was on Christmas Day 2024, NFL game between the Houston Texans and the Baltimore Ravens. The show was dubbed the Beyonce Bowl. And Taylor, as you'd said earlier, a horse features quite prominently in this because she opened by riding in on a white horse while wearing a white cowboy hat and singing her song 16 Carriages. Thank you.

Well, we've got to take a really quick break here. Taylor Crumpton, journalist and writer, hang on for just a minute. When we come back...

We're going to talk, obviously, more about what Beyonce is telling America in her album, Cowboy Carter. We'll dig deep into the history of Black women and their foundational influence in country music. So much more to come in just a moment. This is On Point. Only God knows, only God knows, 16.

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You're back with On Point. I'm Meghna Chakrabarty. And today we are talking about Black women in country music. The Grammys are this weekend. Beyonce made history by becoming the most nominated artist in Grammy history.

And many of those nominations have come because of her most recent album, Cowboy Carter. But we're also digging in deeper and talking about what the real foundational influence is of Black women in country music. Taylor Crumpton joins us. She's a journalist and writer. And now I'd love to bring into the conversation Recy Palmer. She's a singer and a songwriter, a huge name in country music and host of the Color Me Country radio show on Apple Music. Recy Palmer, welcome to On Pointe.

Hi, thank you so much for having me. I'm glad to be here. So I'm going to just presume that you love the album. But I want to get straight to something deeper. I mean, Beyonce has unique global star power. There's no one who's going to deny that.

But sometimes I wonder if people who have been working in this world for a long time, right, and putting out beautiful music and making inroads, as one of those artists, how does it make you feel that all of a sudden people like, well, us here at On Point are talking about Black women in country music only because Beyonce made an album? Oh, my God.

I think, okay, so it's a twofold answer, right? Anything that brings attention to the work and artistry of people that have been doing this, you know, since their very beginning is a beautiful thing. And I welcome it and I'm excited about it. The next thing I want to say is I also think that it's not fair to compare art

The inroads that Beyonce was able to make to what women that work, black women that work within the space have have achieved either. Like, I don't think that's fair. I don't think it's fair to her and I don't think it's fair to them, because as you said, she is a global woman.

superstar. Like there really hasn't been anybody like Beyonce since Beyonce. So, you know, it's not necessarily a fair comparison, but it's amazing to see. Like last year was a crazy year because of that record. And so I'm very grateful for that. Crazy for you? Crazy for all of us. I feel like, I mean, I almost feel like I'm a part of Beyonce's press team because we

Because, you know, she notoriously does not speak to the press and I understand sometimes, but, you know, but it gave us it gave myself an opportunity. It gave Taylor an opportunity. It gave Holly G from the Black Opry and so many artists and opportunity there.

and activists an opportunity to speak on what really goes on within the Nashville country music industrial complex. Okay, we're going to talk about what really goes on. I'm writing that down so I don't forget. In just a second, by the way, even though I get it that you understand why Beyonce doesn't do a lot of media, I appreciate you, Recy, making an exception for us. Listen, I'm not an international superstar. Not yet. No.

Not yet. I'm always relentlessly optimistic about these things. But I want listeners to hear a little bit about the music that you make, Recy. So this is a single that you released in 2007 called Country Girl, and it charted on Billboard's Hot Country Charts, made you, Recy Palmer, the first Black woman to chart with a country song in 20 years when that happened. So let's listen to a little bit from Country Girl. ♪

That's Recy Palmer's Country Girl from 2007. Recy, can you tell me a little bit about why country was the musical genre that called to you and sort of your path into the world, into that world? Absolutely. I am the child of two very country, very southern people that grew up in Georgia and in small towns in Georgia. And my whole life has been shaped by

by the Southern experience. And my mother in particular loved music, but really, really gravitated towards like Patsy Cline and Dolly Parton in addition to Phoebe Snow and Aretha Franklin. So when I was growing up, my listening was that. And I just always loved the stories. I just absolutely fell in love with the stories.

And wanted to do that myself, like felt like that was the best way that I could express myself. And I have to give thanks to the two black women that were my first managers. They were the ones that encouraged me to pursue it. I honestly didn't think that it was a viable route for me because I had never seen a black woman do it in the mainstream. So they were the ones that encouraged me to do it and put me on this path.

Wow. Well, Taylor, I want to bring you back into the conversation. Do you have any responses or want to add something to what Recy says? I love Recy Palmer so much because everything she says is true, is that Beyonce does have the...

benefit and the blessing of having done the hard work since she was a little girl, since she was 15, of being able to create something like Cowboy Carter and be on country radio and have worldwide media look towards Black women in country music like Reefy, like Holly, like Alice Randall to comment about what's going on in the Nashville music industry. But in that same breath in vain,

I remember reading that when Texas Hold'em was being played on country music radio, then country music radio programmers and engineers would not play any other Black women in country music. And even if we look at the lineups right now, for a lot of country music festivals, there are zero Black women on the lineup.

And that is the reality that we can celebrate and hold space for Cowboy Carter and all this impact and what it's doing for women like Reese Palmer, who have been on the front lines advocating and holding space and sharing their experience about what it is to be a black woman in an industry that is notoriously anti-black and anti-woman.

However, here we are a year later, the Grammys are about to happen, and the country music industry and Music Row in Nashville have now gone back to its good old boy days now that the eyes of the world are no longer on them. Right.

I have to say, you know, when you said that, okay, so they would play one thing from Cowboy Carter and that was it. That was, you know, they had one Black artist on there, so they couldn't play anyone else. I literally, my jaw literally dropped. I was like, what? It's...

It's horrifying. I think I just I know you're asking the questions, but I just want to throw this in there. Last year at Country Radio Seminar, when right after Texas Hold'em and 16 Carriages had broken onto the chart and broken in at number one, you know, everybody was celebrating and patting themselves on the back. And, oh, we're so innovative and we're so forward thinking and blah, blah, blah, blah, blah.

In an article in Variety magazine, a person went on the record. I couldn't believe they said it. They were just like, well, we would support more black women if we were presented with an actual star. Oh, my. And so this is a quote like I'm not I literally printed it out and it's on my bulletin board on my desk.

Because anytime I get tired or angry or whatever, I look at that and I remember my why of why I do this, why I'm doing Color Me Country and all of that. And he said it on the record. And I'm like, you need to tell me in all the years of country music that you have never been presented with a superstar that is a black woman. Never. Never.

So that's what we're up against. Also, that's just obviously not true because we're going to talk in a second. We're going to talk in a second about the decades of superstars in country music who are Black women. But Recy, if you'll allow me, I wanted to play a little bit more of your music. Here's another track. This is from 2023. It's a song that you released with Americana singer Miko Marks, and it's called Still Here. I'm still here to stay.

Reese Palmer there. 2023. It's a song called Still Here. Reese, forgive me for just, I'm blurting things out today, but that song rocks. That song is amazing. Oh, thank you. Thank you. I mean, I was just like five seconds in. I'm like, give me the whole rest of it. But unfortunately,

Unfortunately, due to digital rights issues, we cannot play more than that on the radio. I understand. I understand. All right. So you actually what you said about, you know, the industry needs to be presented with a bona fide black female country star leads us perfectly to talk about how many they actually already have been in country music. So let me play another moment from Beyonce's Cowboy Carter.

It is a moment that comes in the introduction to the 12th track on the album, and that track is called Spaghetti. Genres are a funny little concept, aren't they? Yes, they are. So that voice belongs to Linda Martell.

and I believe she was the first commercially successful Black female artist in country, and the commercially successful part matters here, and the first to play in the Grand Ole Opry. Taylor, do you want to talk a little bit about her? I would be the wrong person to ask when you have Recy Palmer on the other line. Okay. No, I just want to be sure I give everyone an equal crack at it here. But, Recy, go ahead. Tell us more about Linda Martell.

Well, Linda Martell, first of all, we call her the patron saint of my radio show. It's named after her album, Color Me Country, which came out in 1968. Linda is, as you mentioned, she's the first Black woman to chart. Up until Beyonce, she was the highest charting Black female at number 22 with her song, Color Him Father. There have been nine of us to chart, and she was the highest until Beyonce. Okay.

She was signed to a record company called Plantation Records. Yeah. And her producer's name was Shelby Singleton. And yeah,

She toured. She had an all white band that she could not ride in the car with because if she was seen in the car with them in the south, they would have assumed that she was a prostitute and arrested them. And so they had to travel separately. A lot of times they would put her on bills.

And they would call this ghosting where they would put you on a bill, but they wouldn't say anything about you being black or anything like that. Now, normally that wouldn't be on a bill, but they wouldn't put your picture on there.

So people would come and they would expect, you know, a white lady and they would get beautiful brown skin, Linda Martell. And unfortunately, Color Me Country was her only album. She recorded a second album. They the record company shelved it in favor of promoting Jeannie C. Riley and Harper Valley P.T.A.

And she was effectively blacklisted in Nashville, moved back to Sumner, South Carolina, where she still lives, and raised a family, drove a school bus and performed locally. And yeah, that's Linda Martell's story in a nutshell. Wow.

Well, let's listen to a track from that first and only album that you talked about, Color Me Country. This is Linda Martell singing Bad Case of the Blues. Linda Martell there in Bad Case of the Blues. Taylor Crumpton, what do you hear in Linda Martell's story?

It is the unfortunate reality of being a Black woman in any industry, whether that be education, politics, music, arts, culture, media, is you can be the first, the finest, and be at the forefront, an innovator, a leader,

But if those in power do not respect you or in Linda Martell's case, being a black woman signed to a record label named after a plantation, there are always reminders, whether they be individual or on a macro level, that those people are seeing you as less than and are undermining you. And I think.

The glory of Beyonce being not only a student of Black music, but of American music and culture, and her too having to experience racially charged mistreatment by the country music industry at the 2016 CMA Awards.

is that for her to put Linda on spaghetti, but also she had this one post on Instagram where she's wearing a Linda Martell shirt that she purchased off of a website that Linda Martell's granddaughter has because the granddaughter is raising funds to make a documentary about her grandmother, Linda Martell, shows that Beyonce is not only including her on this track, but is doing things out of the goodness of her heart because she's

There have been so many black entertainers that we have lost that have died penniless and have been mistreated by the record industry. So it did take a global superstar like herself to do what many in the industry would not do is to give Linda her flowers while she is still alive. Recy, we have to take a break here in just a minute or so. You mentioned a couple of times like what really goes on in Nashville.

Has really so little changed since the time of, you know, Linda Martell's first album? No. No. I hate to be that person, but I think that... Well, okay, here's the positive. The thing that has changed is that we can now go directly to the audience. We can go directly to people via streaming and via social media. So you see a proliferation of...

Black and brown and Asian and, you know, whatever, whatever you are, country artists, because there's more visibility because we're all now connected with these little computers in our pocket. But in terms of Nashville,

No, because if you continue to try to market someone the same way that you can't market Mickey Guyton the same way that you market Luke Holmes, you just can't. It's a completely different set of of of guidelines. And I mean, not just aesthetic, like it's cultural. It's just different. And until they invest in.

in figuring out how to create not only the country artists, but also reach across to Black people and make them feel safe and comfortable within the country music audience, then you're not going to, we're going to stay exactly where we were in 1968. Yeah.

Well, as you hear, that's Beyonce coming up behind us with Yaya from Cowboy Carter, Recy Palmer, Taylor Crumpton. Hang on for just a minute. We'll be right back. This is On Point. On Point.

You're back with On Point. I'm Magna Chakrabarty. And today we are talking about the rich history of Black women in country music. Now, it's something that a lot of folks may not have given a lot of thought to until last year when Beyonce released her album Cowboy Carter. This weekend is the Grammys. Beyonce is the most nominated artist in Grammy history. We'll see how well she does in actually winning the awards.

But to talk about this history, I'm joined today by Taylor Crumpton. She's a journalist and writer. And Recy Palmer joins us as well. She's a singer, songwriter, big voice in country music, and host of the Color Me Country radio show on Apple Music. Recy and Taylor, I want to just give a very, very, very big nod to another major voice in the history of country music. Beyonce references her directly on Cowboy Carter. And it's, of course, Sister Rosetta Tharpe.

She is the godmother of rock and roll. Not just country, but also the godmother of rock and roll. Here she is in one of her most famous songs. It's called Down by the Riverside. I'm gonna lay down my heavy load. Down by the riverside. Sister Rosetta Tharpe there, singing Down by the Riverside. Recy Palmer, I mean, Rosetta Tharpe is a total legend, but for folks who don't know her, tell us a little bit about her. I mean, Sister Rosetta Tharpe is like...

She was gospel. She was rock. She was blues. I mean, she was an incredible guitarist. I don't think she gets enough. You know, we all know her as a singer and a purveyor of, you know, hymns and spirituals and things like that. But like, she also was like,

a really, like a rocking guitar player. Absolutely. Like a real guitar player. All you have to do is just go on YouTube now and look her up. And I mean, she is like shredding the guitar. And I think it's this, you know, this is a mixture of her musical ability with the guitar. And then I just said that the country, the rock and roll and the gospel all coming together. Like I feel somewhat transported by her. Like when I'm watching her sing with a bunch of singers behind her and playing the guitar at the same time. And that's how good she was.

Absolutely. And she comes from a long line of the tradition in church where if you didn't have a piano player, you had a guitar player or you had a pedal steel player or, you know, so all of these instruments that everyone always associates with country music that, you know, i.e. whiteness.

A lot of times Baptist churches, if that's all you had, that's all you had. And so that's what you did. You had your guitar player. You had a Sister Rosetta come up and play and sing and, you know, and do the A and B selection. Yeah. Taylor, let

Taylor, let me turn to you on this because Recy is getting to something really important and it reminds me of some conversations I've had with Rhiannon Giddens, right? And her, you know, long study and exploration of Black influences and Black foundational influences in Americana in general. I mean, when we think about distinctly American genres of music, I don't

I don't even know why we ever got to a point where we didn't consider, you know, Black Americans as being there at the creation of these genres. Right. I mean, that actually seems so strange to me. It is my belief and understanding of American music that once it became something that was a commodity, right.

Then we see what America does best and thinks about who is going to be the consumer, which American has disposable income. And then we see forces at play around racial segregation, but also class segregation. Black country music has a different origin story. That is fascinating.

Beyond the imagination of what the modern day country music industry can commercialize and market, Black country music has a deep time connection, not only to the church and hymns and spirituals, but also Black country music has interacted with Te Hanlo music, has crossed borders.

Borders, you know, there's a long history of Black entertainers who were blues entertainers and traveled the blue circuit. The blue circuit went down to Mexico. And a lot of styles of Black guitar picking are actually influenced by the Mexican tradition of guitar picking. Black country music has always made space for different cultural influences of people.

people of color to make this beautiful gumbo. And to quote sociologist Tracy McMillan Cotton, country music has now become the theme song for white nationalism. And we have seen this as recently with Carrie Underwood performing at President Trump's inauguration, but also historically when Ronald Reagan in the 80s said that country music was the music of America, that was a dog whistle.

Country music has never been white. Yeah. You know, we could spend like three more episodes on what you just said, Taylor, because, I mean, it's so big and so important and so unfortunate, I think. And, Recy, I'm going to turn this one to you because, you know, not only do we have this racial element, but when you, from my understanding, when you look at the whole body of all the things that comprise country music—

this sort of de facto political conservatism is not at all the story of this genre, right? Like not just, you know, black artists, but white artists as well. The country music for a long time has been the place where like progressive working class Americans found their home, right? Absolutely. I mean, it was the music until 1920 when the genre was actually...

And it was hillbilly music. Then there was race music and then there was hillbilly music. This was the music that everybody, black, white, indigenous, Hispanic, whatever. This is the music that everybody was sitting on their porch and singing.

This was the music that people were singing in the fields while they were picking. This is the music that masters were being entertained by enslaved people with. Like the initial, we don't talk about the fact that the initial string bands, what we now call bluegrass or old time music, it was all done by black people. It didn't become a white medium until minstrelsy.

So we've been sold a really great marketing job and we believed it. But that's why artists like Ray Charles can do modern sounds and country and Western and make it sound the way that he did and why it sounded so good because that music country music is also R&B. Country music is also blues. So, yeah, it's all interchangeable. And we've just been sold just like with everything. It's all in how you market it. Yeah. Yeah.

Well, let's take a couple of seconds to listen to two artists. One's actually a group. They are not explicitly mentioned on Cowboy Carter, but they have their place in country music history as well. Because four years after Linda Martel became the first black woman to perform at the Grand Ole Opry, as we talked about, the Pointer Sisters became the first black female vocal group to perform there as well.

The group released a country song called Fairytale in 1974. And in 1975, they won the Grammy for Best Country Group Vocal Performance. So here are the Pointer Sisters performing Fairytale at the Attic in Greenville, North Carolina in 1981. I've been waiting for so long. There's something wrong with me.

That's the Pointer Sisters in 1981. And here's another one. Tina Turner. She performed on the Chitlin Circuit with her then-husband Ike Turner. Of course, they were called the Ike and Tina Turner Review. They did that from about 1960 to 1976. Tina Turner's debut solo album in 1974 was called Tina Turns the Country On.

The first track on that album is called Bayou Song, and it was written for her by Peter John Morse. ♪ Just another rainbow, baby ♪

Incredible voice. Timeless. All right. So let's move, Recy and Taylor, if we can, to talking about, you know, the present and future of Black women in country music. And in order to do that, I want to go back to Cowboy Carter, because the first time I listened through it, I didn't actually know anything about the album. I just came to it with a completely new set of ears. And I was like, oh, my God.

And when Blackbird came on, I was really surprised. I was like, wow, Beyonce is doing a Beatles cover. And at first I was like, wow, this is also very sort of honorable, if I can call it. She's honoring the original track pretty closely. But it included all these new voices that I had never heard before. Britney Spencer, Raina Roberts, Tira Kennedy and Tanner Adele. So let's listen to a little bit from Beyonce's version of Blackbird.

It's Beyonce's version of Blackbird from Cowboy Carter. Recy, do you want to talk about this track a little bit? I mean, I really, I love the symbolism behind it. Originally, Paul McCartney wrote this song about the Little Rock Nine and just basically about

the Black women that were involved in the civil rights movement and, you know, were being yelled at and having eggs thrown at them and things like that. And so for her to choose this song, I think is a very cool nod to the perseverance and resilience

of Black women. And all of the women that are featured on this song, we were all shocked. When the album came out,

She, you know, Beyonce does secrecy really, really well. And when it came out, I was on the phone literally three o'clock in the morning talking to another friend of mine. We're trying to decipher who is this? Wait a minute. That's Britney. So we were trying to decipher who the women were because they weren't on the credits yet. Like that's how fresh it was and how secret it was at the time. And I'm so happy for each one of these women because they're

They're all very diverse artists. They do different individual things because, as you know, Black women are not a monolith, but they represent the future. They represent the future of country music. And she picked some really good, some really good ones out of the bunch. Yeah. And it's been really cool to watch.

each one of them blossom as a result of this opportunity and to see, you know, where they're taking their respective careers.

You know, I will admit to both of you that I could not hold a note to save my life. But these voices are absolutely, to my ears, they're perfection. And I wonder, Taylor, I wonder if you have any thoughts about, like, for people who don't know who these artists are, Britney Spencer, Raina Roberts, Tira Kennedy and Tanner Adele, what are they missing out on? All of these lovely ladies. Yes.

are not only the future of country music, but I think the future of American music, because the beauty of Cowboy Carter is that it introduced country music to a global audience

who did not understand why Beyoncé was receiving so much pushback. And to bring Recy into the conversation, around the time of Cowboy Carter's release, I remember her and I were doing radio for BBC, and one of the questions that the British audience had for us is, "Why is there this pushback? Why is there this irritation? Why is this this controversy?"

And for Beyonce to not only use Cowboy Carter as a Trojan horse to make global audiences aware about the conditions and the reality and the history of Black women in music, but to make these four women feature on the track, then be ambassadors of country music globally.

In my opinion, the last ambassador of country music to a global audience was Taylor Swift. Now, in 2025, the ambassadors of country music to a global audience are Black women of different shapes and sizes and variety. And even as Recy said, they make different variations of country music. That to me is...

is really the powerful impact of this album is that now these women can now tour as Black women country artists across the globe. That this will be some person in Great Britain or Russia, France,

wherever this album was streamed, because it was streamed worldwide, that when they think of country music, now they will see a Black woman. And I think that, to me, is the beauty and the glory and the splendor is that these women now can tour anywhere across the world and sing country music to a global audience and no one will push back or clap back at them, but instead embrace them and welcome them on the stage.

Now, Recy, I think Taylor just provided us with a mic drop there. So I don't know if there's anything that you wanted to add to that as a last thought for today's show. The reality is, and we'll use these five women as an example. You know, right before this happened, Tanner Adele had just been dropped by her record label. And Tiara Kennedy had just been dropped by her record label. And so...

They have this opportunity now. Yes, they are ambassadors and that sort of thing. But none of them are playing on country radio right now. I think that speaks more to the condition of country radio and the again, the Nashville industrial complex and less about their star power after the Grammys are over next week.

what comes of the Black women and Black men in Nashville that are making country music, that are continuing to try to forge ahead and create careers. Yeah.

Well, you know what? I think what both of you have said, they work together in concert, if I can use that terrible pun. Because, Recy, you're truthfully describing the real present right now. And Taylor, in what you said, I at least heard what we hope will come, right, for Black country musicians. So with that...

Taylor Crumpton, journalist and writer, I can't thank you enough for joining us today. Thank you so much. Thank you so much for having me on. And Recy Palmer, singer and songwriter and host of the Color Me Country radio show on Apple Music. Recy, it's been such a pleasure to have you. Thank you so much. It's an honor to be here with you both. I'm Meghna Chakrabarty. This is On Point. On Point.