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cover of episode Sapphire anvils squeeze metals atomically-thin

Sapphire anvils squeeze metals atomically-thin

2025/3/12
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Nature Podcast

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B
Benjamin Thompson
D
Dan Fox
G
Guangyu Zhang
J
Javier Sanchez Yamagishi
S
Sharmini Bandel
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Sharmini Bandel和Benjamin Thompson:二维材料在电子等领域具有重要应用前景,但大规模制备二维金属一直很困难,因为金属原子之间存在强的三维键合,传统的剥离法对金属无效。 Guangyu Zhang:受到工业金属锻造的启发,我们开发了一种使用蓝宝石压机挤压金属的方法。该方法的关键在于使用原子级平整的蓝宝石砧,我们使用二硫化钼涂层来实现这一点。将金属放在蓝宝石砧之间,加热熔化后,施加高压进行锻造,外部的二硫化钼层帮助稳定金属结构并防止氧化。该方法对五种不同的金属都适用,研究主要集中在铋上,制备的二维铋晶体厚度约为0.5-0.6纳米,是两层原子厚,直径约为0.1毫米,比以前的方法制备的晶体大两个数量级。未来研究方向包括制备毫米级晶体、制备超薄合金以及突破铋的两原子厚度限制。二维金属及其独特的性质有望应用于微型设备的计算机芯片和灵敏探测器等领域,可以提高芯片的连接性和灵敏度。 Javier Sanchez Yamagishi:这项研究成果令人印象深刻,大大提高了二维金属晶体的制备能力,这项新方法有望促进更大尺寸的二维金属晶体的生产,这项研究成果将激励更多人从事二维金属的研究。仍有很多问题需要研究,例如如何制备更大尺寸的晶体,以及原子如何排列。二维铋中的原子可以采用不同的二维构型,这会影响其性质。

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00:46 2D metals made using sapphire press

Taking inspiration from industrial forging, researchers have demonstrated a way to squeeze molten metals into atomically-thin layers, creating relatively large flakes of 2D metals. Using a hydraulic press containing two sapphire anvils, a team was able to create sub-nanometer thick sheets of different metals — these sheets had diameters exceeding 0.1 mm, orders of magnitude larger than other methods have achieved. 2D metals have been theorized to possess several useful properties not seen in their larger, 3D counterparts, but have been difficult to make at scale, something this method may help overcome.

Research Article: Zhao et al.)

News and Views: Metals squeezed to thickness of just two atoms)

09:36 Research Highlights

The discovery of ancient puppets on remains of a large pyramid offers a glimpse into rituals in Mesoamerica, and how the presence of a certain pattern of sleep brainwaves might help predict which people will recover from an unresponsive state.

Research Highlight: Ancient puppets that smile or scowl hint at shared rituals)

Research Highlight: Who’s likely to wake up from a coma? Brainwaves provide a clue)

12:17 The virology lessons learnt from the COVID pandemic

SARS-CoV-2, the virus responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, has become one of the most closely examined viruses on the planet. In the five years since the pandemic, over 150,000 articles have been written about it, and 17 million genome sequences have been generated. We discuss the lessons virologists have learnt from this intense study of a single organism, and how these might help the world prepare for future pandemics.

News Feature: Four ways COVID changed virology: lessons from the most sequenced virus of all time)

23:36 Briefing Chat

How an AI alert-system could help researchers train their telescopes on a neutron star collision, and how expiration dates on plastic food-waste helped biologists age birds’ nests.

Nature: How AI could let us watch epic star collisions in real time)

Science: Plastic waste in bird nests can act like a tiny time capsule)

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