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cover of episode 584: Rewiring your brain for growth, resilience & confidence | Gregory Walton, Ph.D.

584: Rewiring your brain for growth, resilience & confidence | Gregory Walton, Ph.D.

2025/3/16
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The mindbodygreen Podcast

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Gregory Walton
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我发现人们对自身能力的怀疑,往往源于他们所处的环境,而非他们自身能力的真正欠缺。例如,传统的教育体系和智商测试,容易让人们将失败与自身能力的不足联系起来,从而形成一种消极的“固定型思维”。 与其关注‘思维模式’,不如关注在面对挑战和失败时,我们提出的问题和相应的答案。当我们遇到困难或失败时,我们会不自觉地问自己‘我是不是做不到?’。如果我们能预见这些问题,并引导自己找到积极的答案,就能形成一种积极的‘向上螺旋’,不断提升自我。 ‘向上螺旋’和‘向下螺旋’的关键在于如何解读挑战和挫折。将疲惫或挫折视为提升自我的机会,而非放弃的理由,有助于培养韧性。我的研究表明,通过反思内在独白、经历以及过往经验,可以增强应对挑战的能力和信心。 语言在帮助我们理解和表达自身感受,并与他人建立联系方面至关重要。积极的语言能够帮助我们更好地应对挑战,并与他人建立更积极的关系。 在人际关系中,与其试图直接理解他人,不如通过坦诚的对话,增进彼此的了解。我的研究发现,通过设身处地为他人着想,并与他人进行深入沟通,能够增进相互理解和信任。 在教育中,‘明智的反馈’至关重要。它并非泛指积极的反馈,而是指根据具体情境,巧妙地回应人们的潜在担忧。例如,一句包含17个单词的反馈话语,‘我给你这个反馈是因为我对你有很高的期望,我相信你能做到’,就能显著提高中学生升学率。 在婚姻关系中,三个简单的问题,‘如何从一个希望对双方都有利的第三者的角度看待这场冲突?’‘什么阻碍了你从这个角度看待冲突?’‘你如何克服这些阻碍?’,就能帮助维持婚姻关系的稳定。 归属感对个体的心理健康和发展至关重要。人们需要在追求目标的过程中获得支持和认同。当我们感到被排斥或不被重视时,会产生消极情绪,因为这暗示着我们无法实现目标。 在培养孩子的自信和韧性方面,需要给予他们现实的反馈、积极的成长心态以及无条件的爱。过多的赞扬反而会适得其反,因为这会让孩子产生不切实际的期望,并降低他们的自尊心。 ‘寻找热情’的建议可能并不理想,因为兴趣和热情是可以培养和发展的,而非一成不变的。积极的态度和开放的心态,能够帮助我们探索更广泛的兴趣领域。 帮助从少年司法机构回归学校的学生重建信任,是我研究中最有影响力的工作之一。通过帮助学生与老师建立积极的关系,并让老师了解学生的真实想法和需求,可以显著降低学生再次犯罪的风险。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter explores how our environment shapes our self-perception and confidence. It introduces the concept of spiraling up vs. spiraling down, emphasizing the importance of reframing setbacks as opportunities for growth and resilience.
  • Worries about ability are context-dependent, shaped by societal views on intelligence.
  • Spiraling up involves reframing setbacks as opportunities for growth, while spiraling down leads to avoidance and self-doubt.
  • Inner monologue and lived experiences play crucial roles in shaping our responses to challenges.

Shownotes Transcript

“What makes humans distinct is our ability to share intentions with other people”, explains Gregory Walton, Ph.D. 

Walton, researcher and professor of psychology at Stanford University, joins us today to share key insights from his research on how we can foster resilience, develop a sense of meaning, plus: 

  • How to build confidence and cultivate a growth mindset (~2:10)

  • Spiraling up vs spiraling down (~9:00)

  • Negative self-talk (~11:25)

  • The power of language (~12:45)

  • Building meaningful connections (~16:30)

  • Small acts of kindness (~20:40)

  • Wise interventions (~21:45)

  • How to keep a marriage strong (~27:50)

  • The need to belong (~31:50)

  • Advice for parents (~37:45)

  • The problem with “finding your passion” (~40:20)

  • The impact of his work (~44:25)

Referenced in the episode: 

 

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