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cover of episode The Firebrand from Damascus (Part 1)

The Firebrand from Damascus (Part 1)

2023/7/26
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CONFLICTED

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Ayman Deen
T
Thomas Small
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专注于电动车和能源领域的播客主持人和内容创作者。
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主持人:本集探讨伊本·泰米耶,一位备受争议的历史人物,被认为是现代圣战思想的重要先驱,其言论被极端分子大量引用。他的生活充满矛盾,既是天才学者,也是残酷的战士和毫不妥协的论辩家。 Ayman Deen:伊本·泰米耶是最终的法律学家,也是政治和军事逊尼派伊斯兰教的先驱。他代表了萨拉菲思想,即回归《古兰经》和圣训的原始教义。 Thomas Small:伊本·泰米耶的思想与现代萨拉菲运动的联系,以及他与罕百里学派的传承,是本集探讨的重点。他生活的时代与现代穆斯林世界面临的许多问题相似,都处于被围攻和殖民的状态。他认为当时的宗教制度过于僵化,无法应对蒙古入侵等挑战,主张重新开放伊智提哈德的大门。 Ayman Deen:伊本·泰米耶的圣战学说超越了传统的圣战学说,他认为即使是逊尼派军队,如果他们不完全按照伊斯兰教法统治,也应该对其发动圣战。这在当时是史无前例的。他生活的时代,宗教少数群体常常受到怀疑,逊尼派穆斯林对基督教和什叶派少数群体抱有戒心,认为他们是十字军和蒙古人的同伙。 Thomas Small:蒙古帝国对宗教的态度与伊斯兰教帝国不同,他们对各种宗教采取了较为平等的态度。这与伊本·泰米耶的世界观相冲突。伊本·泰米耶对宗教少数群体怀有戒心,因为他认为他们与蒙古帝国勾结。 主持人:伊本·泰米耶的极端行为是其时代背景的产物,他生活的时代是一个充满暴力和竞争的时代,是‘杀戮或被杀’的时代。 Thomas Small:伊本·泰米耶的观点虽然有道理,但他行事方式过于极端。他与合赞汗对质,指责他背叛伊斯兰教,体现了他强烈的宗教立场和不妥协的态度。他试图净化大马士革和叙利亚,打击基督教和什叶派势力。 Ayman Deen:伊本·泰米耶的思想为非国家行为的激进伊斯兰教铺平了道路,为其他激进的伊斯兰教神职人员提供了先例。他的敌人与现代萨拉菲圣战分子的敌人相同,包括哲学家、神学家、什叶派、基督徒、犹太人以及他们眼中的假穆斯林逊尼派领导人。 主持人:本集回顾了伊本·泰米耶戏剧性人生故事的第一部分,下集将继续探讨他的生平和思想。

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Ibn Taymiyyah is a controversial figure known for his influence on modern Salafi Jihadism. He was a scholar, warrior, and polemicist whose life and teachings are still quoted by Islamist terrorists today.

Shownotes Transcript

Ibn Taymiyyah is known as the “Sheikh of Islam” to his admirers, and to his detractors, one of the most significant antecedents of modern Salafi Jihadism. Simultaneously a genius scholar, brutal warrior and unflinching polemicist, he is one of the most important pioneers of a militant form of Sunni Islam, and is now quoted more than any other scholar by Islamist terrorists today.

Continuing our series exploring the historical forebears of modern Salafi Jihadism, this week sees us begin two episodes on Ibn Taymiyyah, the great mediaeval Islamic scholar. We’ll explore the world in which he grew up, with Mongol invasions constantly at the gates, alongside the many contradictions that defined his life and how he rose to prominence in the 13th century Middle East.

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