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cover of episode Yemen: Dancing on the Heads of Snakes

Yemen: Dancing on the Heads of Snakes

2023/11/8
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CONFLICTED
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A
Ayman Deen
B
Baraa Shaiban
T
Thomas Small
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Thomas Small：本集探讨了也门1990年至2010年的历史，重点关注阿里·阿卜杜拉·萨利赫总统的统治时期以及胡塞运动的兴起。萨利赫将治理也门比作“在蛇头上跳舞”，反映了也门社会内部的复杂性和分裂。本集分析了萨利赫的统治策略、也门社会内部不同派别的冲突，以及这些冲突如何导致也门内战。 Ayman Deen：从也门统一后，萨利赫政府面临诸多挑战，包括经济问题、社会矛盾和政治派别斗争。萨利赫在海湾战争期间支持萨达姆，导致沙特驱逐也门劳工，也门经济遭受重创。1994年也门内战爆发，加剧了社会分裂。萨拉菲运动的兴起以及与之相关的各种政治派别进一步复杂化了也门的政治局势。 Baraa Shaiban：作为也门记者和政治活动家，我提供了对也门社会和政治局势的第一手观察。我见证了胡塞运动的兴起以及萨利赫政权的动荡。也门社会内部存在着扎伊迪派、萨拉菲派、穆斯林兄弟会等不同派别，他们之间的冲突是也门内战的重要原因。胡塞运动最初是扎伊迪派复兴运动，后来在伊朗的影响下发展成为军事组织。萨利赫最初利用胡塞运动来对抗其他政治势力，但后来胡塞运动壮大，成为萨利赫政权的威胁。 Baraa Shaiban：胡塞运动的兴起与也门社会内部的扎伊迪派复兴运动有关。扎伊迪派在萨拉菲运动的兴起以及共和国政府的世俗化政策下感到受到威胁，因此寻求复兴自身宗教和文化认同。胡塞运动最初的活动主要集中在宗教教育和文化宣传上，后来逐渐发展成为军事组织，并与伊朗建立了联系。萨利赫政府最初对胡塞运动采取了容忍态度，甚至给予一定的支持，但随着胡塞运动实力的壮大，萨利赫政府开始对其进行镇压，这导致了也门长期的内战。

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Ali Abdullah Saleh described governing Yemen as 'dancing on the heads of snakes', reflecting the complex challenges he faced in unifying the country.

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Ali Abdullah Saleh, the president of Yemen from 1990 - 2012, described the process of governing Yemen as akin to “Dancing on the heads of snakes”. Such were the profound splits in Yemeni society, and with other strongmen, tribes and insurgent groups vying for their own power, Saleh knew that to keep his newly unified country together from the 1990s onwards would take a dance of real precision.

In this second episode of our five part series on the history of Yemen, we find out if Saleh was nimble enough to hold onto power as the vipers beneath him began to show their force. From the civil war of the 1990s to the rise of the insurgent Houthis in the 2000s, we cover the period from 1990-2010, to see how these divisions in Yemeni society would ultimately lead to the civil war which continues to ravage the country today.

And to help us on our way, we welcome back our first ever guest Baraa Shaiban, a Yemeni journalist and political activist, who this week tells us about his extraordinary first hand account of growing up alongside the growing Houthi insurgency in northern Yemen.

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