What Do Medieval Nuns and Bo Jackson Have in Common? (Update)
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In this episode from 2013, we look at whether spite pays — and if it even exists.

• SOURCES:

• Benedikt Herrmann), research officer at the European Commission.

• Steve Levitt), co-author of *Freakonomics *and host of People I (Mostly) Admire.

• Dave O'Connor), president of Times Studios.

• Lisi Oliver), professor of English at Louisiana State University.

• E.O. Wilson), naturalist and university research professor emeritus at Harvard University.

• RESOURCES:

• You Don't Know Bo: The Legend of Bo Jackson)*, *documentary (2012).

• "Amputation of the nose throughout history)," by G. Sperati (ACTA Otorhinolaryngologica Italica, 2009).

• "The Appearance of Homo Rivalis: Social Preferences and the Nature of Rent Seeking)," by Benedikt Herrmann and Henrik Orzen (Center for Decision Research and Experimental Economics, 2008).

• EXTRAS:

• "What It’s Like to Be Middle-Aged (in the Middle Ages))," by *Freakonomics Radio *(2025).