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cover of episode #156 AI Reality VS Speculation with Google Machine Learning Engineer Jiquan Ngiam

#156 AI Reality VS Speculation with Google Machine Learning Engineer Jiquan Ngiam

2025/1/17
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Jiquan Ngiam: 我对人工智能领域的过度炒作持谨慎态度。虽然大型语言模型取得了显著进展,但我认为其推理能力的提升速度不会像一些人预测的那样快,短期内不太可能实现通用人工智能(AGI)。我们正处于多个S型曲线发展的不同阶段,有些领域已经接近瓶颈,而另一些领域才刚刚开始。 我从事机器学习研究多年,亲历了从2012年图像模型的突破到2017-2018年Transformer模型的出现。这些突破得益于计算能力和数据规模的扩大,以及更有效的模型架构。大型模型的训练需要巨大的工程投入和时间,需要克服硬件故障等挑战。 近年来,我们发现通过后训练微调(例如使用强化学习和人类反馈)可以改进模型的行为,使其更符合预期。然而,重要的是要记住,模型本质上只是计算工具,容易出现拟人化误解。 代码数据对于训练LLM至关重要,因为它以最正式的方式表达了推理过程。多模态模型的出现使得AI能够处理文本、图像、音频等多种数据类型,并将其整合到统一的框架中。这使得AI能够完成更复杂的任务,例如根据图像生成代码。 未来,模型将朝着更小、更快、更便宜的方向发展,推理成本将大幅降低。软件设计也将发生转变,更加注重AI的使用,人机交互界面将更加注重对话式交互。 Quincy Larson: 我对人工智能技术的发展和应用前景表示乐观。我认同Jiquan Ngiam关于模型推理能力提升速度可能放缓的观点,但也看到了在其他领域,例如视频生成、3D建模等方面,AI技术仍有巨大的发展潜力。 我关注到AI在代码生成和辅助编程方面的应用,这将极大地提高开发效率。同时,我也注意到AI模型的局限性,例如容易出现幻觉,以及对训练数据的依赖性。 我认为,将个人数据与AI模型相结合,可以极大地提高其效用,但同时也需要谨慎地考虑隐私和安全问题。在设计AI系统时,需要确保用户能够保持对数据的控制权,并能够理解AI模型的决策过程。 我期待着AI技术在各个领域的应用,并相信它将极大地改变我们的生活和工作方式。

Deep Dive

Chapters
This chapter explores the current state of AI, particularly focusing on the limitations of AI reasoning capabilities. It discusses the S-curve of technological advancement and the hype surrounding AI's potential for superintelligence, contrasting it with the more realistic, incremental progress being made.
  • AI progress is more incremental than revolutionary.
  • Reasoning abilities are not advancing as rapidly as some predict.
  • AI development is characterized by multiple simultaneous S-curves of progress.

Shownotes Transcript

On this week's episode of the podcast, freeCodeCamp founder Quincy Larson interviews Jiquan Ngiam. He's a former Google Brain engineer who's building tools to make AI useful for everyone – not just developers. We talk about the power of AI and it's practical capabilities, and separate those from a lot of the hype surrounding the AI space.

Support for this podcast comes from a grant from Wix Studio. Wix Studio provides developers tools to rapidly build websites with everything out-of-the-box, then extend, replace, and break boundaries with code. Learn more at wixstudio.com.

Support also comes from the 11,113 kind folks who support freeCodeCamp through a monthly donation. Join these kind folks and help our mission by going to https://www.freecodecamp.org/donate

We talk about:

  • How AI agents work - Where AI is going and its limitations - How non-developers can leverage AI  - And how developers can REALLY leverage AI

Can you guess what song I'm playing in the intro?

Links we talk about during our conversation: