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cover of episode How to Make Better Decisions Under Pressure

How to Make Better Decisions Under Pressure

2025/1/29
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HBR On Leadership
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Carol Kaufman
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Curt Nikish
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Curt Nikish: 本期节目探讨了领导者在高压情况下如何做出更好决策。传统观点认为领导者依靠经验和直觉，但Carol Kaufman教授认为，在高风险情况下，依赖固有模式可能导致错误决策。成功的领导者会更全面地看待问题，并根据具体情况调整管理方式。 Carol Kaufman: 我提出了一个MOVE框架，帮助领导者在高压下做出更好决策。该框架包括四个步骤：1. 注意（Mindfully alert）：在压力下保持清醒，意识到自身反应模式；2. 选项生成（Options generator）：产生多个可行方案；3. 验证视角（Validate vantage point）：检查自身视角是否清晰，避免主观偏见；4. 参与并影响改变（Engage and affect change）：采取行动并实施方案。 在高压下，人们倾向于依靠固有的解决问题方式，这是一种陷阱。我们需要在刺激和反应之间创造空间，以便做出更明智的选择。领导者需要考虑三个维度：需要做什么（What to do）、需要成为怎样的人（Who to be）、如何与他人相处（How to relate）。通过案例分析，我说明了如何运用这三个维度进行决策。 在面临挑战时，应该准备好四个选项，即使不确定哪个选项最佳。我称之为“Way power”，指的是在面临挑战时，能够有四种不同的反应方式：lean in, lean back, lean with, not lean。‘不依赖’指的是暂停反应，从而获得新的想法。在高压下，明确自身目标和意义有助于保持冷静并做出更好的决策。 通过练习来提升在高压下做出更好决策的能力。这包括从小事做起，并提升自我认知和目标感。验证自身视角非常重要，因为过度的乐观可能会导致失败。优秀的领导者需要兼具强大的自我意识和谦逊的态度。一致性和敏捷性比不可预测性更重要。决策文化可以通过工具和方法在组织中推广，例如‘10分制对话’。这种方法可以帮助人们更好地认识自己，并发现自身优势。在选择视角时，可以考虑不同的方式，例如鹰、蜂鸟或海豚。

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Many people believe that leaders instinctively make the best decisions based on past experience, almost like muscle memory. But Carol Kauffman, assistant professor at Harvard Medical School and the founder of the Institute of Coaching, challenges this view. She explains why falling back on automatic behaviors can lead to poor decisions, especially when the stakes are high.

In this episode, Kauffman outlines her framework for sound decision-making in high-pressure situations. She also shares real-life stories of leaders she has coached through difficult decisions and offers insights into how to navigate high-stakes challenges effectively.

Key episode topics include: leadership, leadership styles, strategy, decision making and problem solving.

HBR On Leadership curates the best case studies and conversations with the world’s top business and management experts, to help you unlock the best in those around you. New episodes every week.

· Listen to the original HBR IdeaCast episode: Why Leaders Should Rethink Their Decision-Making Process (2023))

· Find more episodes of HBR IdeaCast).

· Discover 100 years of Harvard Business Review articles, case studies, podcasts, and more at HBR.org).