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cover of episode How Can We Better Manage Chronic Pain? Insights from an Expert

How Can We Better Manage Chronic Pain? Insights from an Expert

2025/3/13
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Health Discovered

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Daniel J. Clauw: 我很早就从事临床工作,当时有一种被称为纤维组织炎的疾病,人们对其知之甚少,甚至怀疑患者是否真的患病。但通过多年的研究,特别是随着脑成像等技术的进步,我们发现像纤维肌痛这样的疾病是真实存在的,但疼痛主要源于大脑,而非身体某个部位的损伤或炎症。这需要人们重新思考疼痛的诊断和治疗方法。 疼痛可分为三种类型:伤害性疼痛(由身体损伤或炎症引起)、神经性疼痛(由神经损伤或压迫引起)以及异痛性疼痛(或中枢敏化,见于纤维肌痛、头痛或肠易激综合征等疾病)。异痛性疼痛更像是一种‘放大器’疼痛,中枢神经系统对疼痛、光线、声音等各种感觉刺激都更加敏感。 在治疗方面,对于疼痛部位集中的患者,应采用外周导向治疗,例如非甾体类抗炎药、对乙酰氨基酚、注射疗法、物理疗法等。而对于疼痛广泛的患者,则应采用中枢导向治疗,例如改善睡眠、增加活动量、认知行为疗法、整合疗法(如瑜伽、针灸、太极拳等)。阿片类药物对急性疼痛有效,但对慢性疼痛,特别是中枢神经系统引起的慢性疼痛无效,甚至可能加重病情。中枢作用镇痛药,如5-羟色胺-去甲肾上腺素再摄取抑制剂和三环类药物,更适合治疗此类疼痛。 绘制身体疼痛图谱有助于判断疼痛是否源于中枢神经系统敏化。整合疗法,如瑜伽、针灸等,疗效与药物相当,甚至更好,更安全,应作为一线疗法。重要的是,要根据患者的具体情况,尝试不同的治疗方法,找到最有效的组合。 Neha Bhattak: 作为主持人,我引导了访谈,并对专家的观点进行了总结和提炼,强调了慢性疼痛的复杂性,以及采用多模式治疗方法的重要性。我特别关注了整合疗法在慢性疼痛管理中的作用,以及如何根据患者的具体情况制定个性化的治疗方案。

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Chapters
This chapter defines acute and chronic pain, differentiating them by duration and underlying mechanisms. It highlights that chronic pain, lasting three months or more, involves different mechanisms than acute pain.
  • Acute pain is adaptive and time-limited.
  • Chronic pain is defined by duration (3+ months) and different mechanisms.
  • Chronic pain often involves central nervous system sensitization.

Shownotes Transcript

While some pain is normal and a necessary signal for our bodies, there is also pain that can be persistent and chronic. What is the difference between acute and chronic pain)? And why do our brains sometimes amplify discomfort? We spoke with Daniel J. Clauw, MD), director of the Chronic Pain and Fatigue Research Center at the University of Michigan, about the complexities of pain management, how widespread and long-lasting pain is often rooted in the central nervous system, and treatments that go beyond just targeting muscles or joints. From physical therapy to acupuncture and mind-body techniques, we explore a range of strategies to help restore function and improve quality of life.