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cover of episode What to do when the truth isn’t enough to be believed (w/ Dina Nayeri)

What to do when the truth isn’t enough to be believed (w/ Dina Nayeri)

2024/3/11
logo of podcast How to Be a Better Human

How to Be a Better Human

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Dina Nayeri: 我在伊朗出生,经历了革命和战争,成为难民后,深刻体会到‘被相信’的复杂性。在伊朗,我的家庭受人尊重,我的想法被重视;但在成为难民后,我们的身份和地位发生了变化,即使是我母亲的医学专业知识也受到了质疑。我开始思考为什么在某些情况下我会被相信,而在另一些情况下不会。这让我开始关注人们如何相信事物,以及哪些因素会影响人们的判断。我发现人们相信事物的方式主要有四种:相信感官、相信数据、相信专家和相信直觉。但这四种方式都存在局限性,容易被操纵或误导。数据可以被操纵,专家也可能出错,直觉则受到文化背景的影响。因此,我们需要批判性地思考,不能盲目相信任何一方。在跨文化交流中,文化差异也会导致误解。例如,波斯文化中‘Tarof’(反复推辞)的习俗,就可能让西方人感到困惑。在虚构文学中,我可以更自由地塑造故事,从而更有效地表达某些真相。因为读者在阅读虚构作品时,更容易敞开心扉,并渴望相信故事的内容。在高风险情境下(如难民申请或法庭审判),要被相信,需要了解对方的情感触发点和文化背景,并相应地调整自己的表达方式。但更重要的是,我们需要改变不公平的社会制度,而不是仅仅关注个体如何在不公平的制度下生存。我们需要质疑自身的偏见,并尝试理解不同文化背景下的沟通方式。在与他人沟通时,应该直接指出对方可能存在的误解,并尝试澄清。我们还应该关注并质疑那些依赖于个人主观判断的社会制度,例如难民系统、医疗系统和司法系统等。 Chris Duffy: 作为节目的主持人,我与Dina Nayeri探讨了关于信任、谎言、偏见、叙事、文化差异等话题。我们讨论了人们如何相信事物,以及在真相不被相信时,我们该如何应对。我们还探讨了在高风险情境下(如难民申请或法庭审判)如何才能被相信,以及如何改变不公平的社会制度,以促进更公正的社会。

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The podcast opens with a discussion on the complexity of determining who to believe and why, highlighting its importance in various life-or-death scenarios.

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Stories are such a powerful human invention that even the fictional ones can feel completely true. Dina Nayeri is a writer of fiction and nonfiction whose work highlights just how influential the stories we tell can be – and what is at risk when the truth isn’t valued. Dina speaks from her experience as a storyteller and former refugee about the importance of shaping a society that is thoughtful about language, history, culture, and truth. Then, she suggests frameworks anyone can use to think critically about what they think they know -- and questions why certain stories are more likely to be believed. For the full text transcript, visit go.ted.com/BHTranscripts)