cover of episode How to Make Better Decisions | Dr. Michael Platt

How to Make Better Decisions | Dr. Michael Platt

2025/2/17
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Huberman Lab

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A
Andrew Huberman
是一位专注于神经科学、学习和健康的斯坦福大学教授和播客主持人。
M
Michael Platt
Topics
Andrew Huberman: 本期节目讨论了激素和社会地位等因素如何影响我们的价值观、决策以及对各种事物的感知,从择偶到政治立场,涵盖范围广泛。我们还探讨了人类如何在人际关系中评估和转移权力,以及如何在群体中形成等级结构。普拉特博士还分享了一些基于科学的新工具,可以帮助我们提高专注力、创造力和注意力。 Michael Platt: 人类和猴子在决策、社会互动和价值评估方面有很多相似之处。大脑更像是一个经过数百万年进化的“瑞士军刀”,拥有特定工具,而非一台电脑。注意力是一种优先处理或放大我们关注事物的机制,它通过我们注视的方向来实现,并影响我们的选择、学习和记忆。我们对事物的评价方式,以及如何为事物和人赋予价值,受到许多因素的影响,这些因素在我们意识的认知之外起作用。激素、等级制度以及在我们评估事物(无论是人还是物体)时在我们内部和周围起作用的特定因素,正在强烈地塑造导致我们做出特定决策的神经回路。 Michael Platt: 人类的荷尔蒙水平会通过面部表情等方式来暗示,这与自主神经系统唤醒水平有关。女性的排卵周期会影响她们的面部特征,例如皮肤的紧致度和颜色,这会影响男性对她们的吸引力。通过研究猴子对不同图像的偏好,可以量化社会信息对决策的影响。猴子会为了观看高地位个体或具有吸引力的个体的图像而放弃果汁奖励,这表明社会信息对它们的价值判断有影响。在价值判断中,女性更注重经济回报,而男性更注重社会信息,这在实验中得到了验证。利他主义也存在于大脑的价值判断机制中,但其回报机制可能并非来自外在的回报,而是来自内在的满足感。群体选择理论认为,利他行为可能在群体竞争中具有优势,从而在进化中得以保留。睾酮水平会影响人们的消费行为、风险偏好和认知反射能力。催产素和睾酮等激素可以调节我们对社会信息的处理和价值判断。

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Shownotes Transcript

My guest is Dr. Michael Platt, Ph.D.), a professor of neuroscience and psychology at the University of Pennsylvania. We discuss how factors such as hormonal or social status influence what we value, how we make decisions, and even our perceptions across a range of areas, from who and what we find attractive to our political affiliations. We also discuss how humans evaluate and shift power in relationships and form hierarchies in groups. Dr. Platt also shares new science-based tools for improving focus, creativity, and attention.

Read the full show notes for this episode at hubermanlab.com).

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Timestamps

00:00:00 Dr. Michael Platt

00:02:12 Humans, Old World Primates & Decision-Making; Swiss Army Knife Analogy

00:07:52 Sponsors: Our Place & Wealthfront

00:11:01 Attention Allocation, Resource Foraging

00:16:40 Social Media; Marginal Value Theorem, Distraction

00:22:22 Tool: Remove Phone from Room; Attention & Urgency

00:25:23 Tool: Self Conversation; Visual Input, Attention as a Skill

00:29:29 Warming-Up Focus, Tool: Visual Aperture & Attention

00:38:57 Sponsor: AG1

00:40:13 Control of Attention, Tool: Changing Environment

00:44:07 Attention Continuum, Professions, Measuring Business Skill with Neuroscience

00:53:06 Theory of Mind, Covert Attention, Attentional Spotlights

01:00:05 Primates, Hormone Status, Brain Size, Monogamy

01:09:31 Monkeys, Neuronal Multiplexing & Context; Equitable Relationships

01:20:05 Sponsor: BetterHelp

01:21:11 Relationships, Power Dynamics, Neuroethology

01:29:34 Humans, Females & Hormone Status; Monkeys, Social Images, Hormones

01:38:03 Humans, Attractiveness, Value-Based Decision Making

01:44:32 Altruism, Group Selection & Cooperation, Selflessness

01:49:08 Males, Testosterone, Behavior Changes

01:55:46 Sponsor: Function

01:57:34 Oxytocin, Pro-Social Behaviors, Behavioral Synchrony

02:08:13 MDMA, Oxytocin, Anxiety; Social Touch, Despair & Isolation

02:17:12 Isolation, Social Connections & Strangers, Tool: Deep Conversation Questions

02:21:17 Bridging the Divide, Tribes & Superficial Biases

02:26:58 Testosterone, Risk-Taking Behavior

02:30:52 Decision-Making, Tool: Accurate or Fast?

02:38:31 Decision-Making, Impact of Time & Fatigue

02:45:23 Advertising, Status, Celebrity, Monkeys

02:52:19 Hierarchy; Abundance & Scarcity, Money & Happiness, Loss Aversion

03:02:47 Meme Coins, Celebrity Endorsement, Social Sensitivity

03:12:22 Decisions & Urgency; Bounded & Ecological Rationality

03:18:09 Longevity Movement; Mortality & Motivation

03:24:48 Retirement?, Serial Pursuits & Pivoting

03:30:17 Apple or Samsung?, Brand Loyalty, Empathy

03:38:15 Political Affiliation, Empathy

03:46:22 Zero-Cost Support, YouTube, Spotify & Apple Follow & Reviews, Sponsors, YouTube Feedback, Protocols Book, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter

Disclaimer & Disclosures)