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cover of episode Alison Gopnik and Anne-Marie Slaughter on Why We’re Not Paying Enough Attention to Caregiving

Alison Gopnik and Anne-Marie Slaughter on Why We’re Not Paying Enough Attention to Caregiving

2025/4/25
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Alison Gopnik
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Anne-Marie Slaughter
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帮助医生和高收入专业人士管理财务的金融教育者和播客主持人。
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Alison Gopnik: 我长期以来关注生物学中所谓的生命史，即人类发展的方式。人类最显著的特点之一是我们对彼此的照顾投入巨大，这与我们漫长的童年和老年期有关，也是我们适应新环境和合作的关键。照护行为不同于其他社会经济关系，它源于对弱势群体的同理心和利他主义冲动。照护是人类最基本的能力，但却在经济学、政治学、哲学和心理学领域长期被忽视。我个人作为母亲和祖母的经历让我意识到照护问题的普遍性和社会意义。照护具有利他主义和赋能的双重属性，照护者不仅满足被照护者的需求，也希望他们拥有更多自主权。为了减轻照护者的压力，我们需要提供更多资源和支持，减少他们的孤立感。现有的市场和国家模式都不能很好地解释照护行为，照护更依赖于人际关系。对家庭和照护的关注超越了政治和地域界限，这为凝聚社会共识提供了可能性。 Anne-Marie Slaughter: 我最初的研究和写作是从不同的角度切入照护问题的，但最终与Alison和Margaret以及该项目的其他参与者达成了相同的结论。为了实现性别平等，我们需要重视传统上由女性承担的照护工作，并提高其价值，让男性也参与其中。照护对于物种的生存和繁荣至关重要，照护者和被照护者都能从中受益。现有的经济和就业政策主要关注个体劳动者，而忽略了照护对家庭和社会的贡献。我们需要一个支持照护的社会基础设施，让男性和女性都能兼顾家庭和事业。每个人都会在人生的某个阶段成为照护者或被照护者，这应被纳入社会政策考量。生育政策和照护政策并非同一概念，我们需要完善的照护体系来支持人们生育和养育孩子。在照护体系中，家政工人的作用至关重要，我们需要重视并提高他们的价值。为了改善照护现状，政策层面应优先考虑带薪家庭假、照护基础设施建设和社区支持。

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Caregiving is the most universal of human acts. But also one of the most invisible. While caring for a child, parent or loved one can be meaningful, and life defining, it can also be exhausting and life breaking. Drawing on her groundbreaking research on baby’s brains, UC Berkeley psychologist and philosopher Alison Gopnik is leading a multidisciplinary project to better understand the social science of caregiving with hopes of translating those insights into practical policies. Gopnik and policymaker Anne-Marie Slaughter join us to talk about how rethinking our approach to caregiving and how we support care providers, could lead to a better, more functional society.

Guests:

**Alison Gopnik, **professor of psychology and affiliate professor of philosophy, UC Berkeley; author, "The Gardener and the Carpenter: What the New Science of Child Development Tells Us About the Relationship Between Parents and Children"

**Anne-Marie Slaughter, **CEO of New America, a non-profit think tank; author of "Unfinished Business: Women Men Work Family"

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