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cover of episode Kurt Gray Explores the Psychology of Outrage

Kurt Gray Explores the Psychology of Outrage

2025/2/13
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Mina Kim: 道德愤怒源于我们保护自己和他人免受伤害的愿望，而分歧则源于对谁最容易受到伤害的认知差异。理解道德冲突的心理可以帮助我们更好地管理这些冲突。人们对同一情况的看法不同，是因为我们都觉得自己是受害者，并且认为每个人都会支持自己。社会媒体会放大愤怒，而且随着社会变得更安全，我们对较小的伤害也更加敏感，这导致了更多的愤怒。 Kurt Gray: 愤怒不仅仅是认为自己是对的，还认为对方是错的，并且对方正在造成伤害。人类天生就需要保护自己免受伤害，这是由进化决定的。即使现在我们免于被野生动物捕食，我们仍然会对道德威胁保持警惕，比如政治或PTA会议上的竞争对手。保守派倾向于从个人角度看待受害者，而进步派则倾向于从群体角度看待受害者。实际上，双方都真心认为自己看到了真正的危害。虚假的愤慨或道德炫耀并不像人们想象的那么普遍。社交媒体的算法会找到让我们愤怒的事情并放大它们，而且社交媒体对我们的思维方式有独特的负面影响。我们实际遭受的痛苦与我们感受到的痛苦之间存在差距，这导致了人们的愤怒。如果你觉得自己是受害者，你就会觉得自己有权恶意攻击他人。道德类型化是指我们将人类型化为受害者或施害者。频繁地感到愤怒会对我们的心理健康产生不良影响，因为它与威胁感和对伤害的认知有关。无论我们谈论什么价值观，无论人们使用什么言辞，最终都归结为对伤害的认知。

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What is outrage, and what triggers it in us? When someone violates our moral sense, we might bristle with rage or thirst for retribution but UNC psychology professor Kurt Gray wants us to understand that the other side is also motivated by moral convictions, even if they don’t make sense to us right away. We talk to Gray about how understanding the psychology of moral conflicts can help us better manage them. His new book is “Outraged: Why We Fight About Morality and Politics and How to Find Common Ground.”

Guests:

**Kurt Gray, **social psychologist and professor of psychology and neuroscience, University of North Carolina; director, Deepest Beliefs Lab and the Center for the Science of Moral Understanding