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cover of episode Supreme Court Makes Biggest Ruling of Term

Supreme Court Makes Biggest Ruling of Term

2025/6/28
logo of podcast Legal AF by MeidasTouch

Legal AF by MeidasTouch

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Michael Popok
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Michael Popok:最高法院的6-3 MAGA多数派做出了一项重磅裁决,限制了联邦法院发布全国性禁令以阻止行政权力滥用的权力。地区法院作为保护宪法的第一道防线,不再有权发布全国性或普遍性禁令来阻止行政权力滥用。对于像第14修正案中的出生公民权这样根本的问题,现在需要在所有50个州通过个人集体诉讼或个人诉讼来解决。最高法院推翻了大约100年的先例,该先例允许联邦法院发布禁令以阻止行政部门的权力滥用。现在只有两种方法可以控制行政权力滥用:集体诉讼或紧急上诉至最高法院。阻止特朗普总统关于出生公民权的行政命令的三名法官必须迅速行动,将全国性禁令缩小为仅涉及该州的禁令。律师们需要迅速采取行动,向愿意受理的上诉法院提出上诉,并最终向最高法院提出紧急申请,以宣布特朗普总统对第14修正案的攻击违宪。由于最高法院的裁决,出生公民权仍然处于不确定状态,需要通过集体诉讼或直接上诉的方式尽快提交最高法院进行裁决。在最高法院做出裁决之前,在这段不确定的时期内,婴儿是否是美国公民,他们是否能获得联邦项目和资金? Michael Popok:'特朗普诉卡萨公司'一案将成为宪法判例中最糟糕的颠倒判决之一。最高法院没有处理特朗普对第14修正案的宪法攻击的实质内容,而是处理了法院采取的补救措施,即全国性禁令。特朗普总统在全国范围内发布声明,而联邦法官却无法通过普遍性禁令来约束他,这是不合理的。Amy Coney Barrett认为,纠正总统滥用权力的办法不是法院滥用权力,法院的权力受到国会和1789年《司法法案》的限制。现在的裁决是,一般而言,初审法官或上诉法院法官无权发布针对当事方或当事方类别之外的禁令。如果要反对总统滥用权力的全国性声明,必须逐案或逐个集体诉讼地进行,然后提交上诉法院,并争取最高法院的关注,最终由最高法院做出裁决。 Michael Popok:Katonji Brown Jackson认为,允许行政部门无视法律的法律体系与法治背道而驰。最高法院几乎取消普遍性禁令所造成的无法律地带并非陌生的原型。行政部门的特权不太可能以随机分布的方式影响公众,富人和有关系的人更容易获得法律代表,并在行政部门侵犯其权利时获得禁令救济。大多数人现在授权的无法律地带将不成比例地影响穷人、未受过教育的人和不受欢迎的人,他们可能没有能力聘请律师,并且常常发现自己受制于行政部门的奇想。这又是在法治基础上的一道裂缝,法治要求在其适用中实现平等和正义。最高法院对下级法院的神圣职责和责任的轻视也是具有破坏性的。下级法院的宣誓司法官员现在必须戴上眼罩,对有害的行政行为采取视而不见的态度,即使这些官员已经宣布这种行为可能违宪。如果法院同意行政命令违宪,为什么必须允许违宪的政府行为生效? Michael Popok:Sotomayor认为,要获得暂缓执行的请求,必须证明当事方可能会遭受无法弥补的损害。Amy Coney Barrett认为,无法弥补的损害是司法部门超出了1789年《司法法案》规定的权力。Sotomayor认为,行政部门无权对任何人执行公民身份命令,因为该命令无疑是违宪的。Sotomayor邀请各州和其他人提起集体诉讼,以便迅速将此案提交最高法院。因为政府无法证明该命令在宪法文本、历史、最高法院的先例、联邦法律和行政部门的实践方面具有合宪性。政府要求法院允许其对所有人适用公民身份命令,除了提起诉讼的原告。Sotomayor认为,最高法院多数派决定利用这些案件来解决普遍性禁令和长期存在的实践问题,这是不顾公平的基本原则和禁令救济的悠久历史。

Deep Dive

Chapters
The Supreme Court's 6-3 decision limits federal courts' ability to issue nationwide injunctions against executive power abuses. This impacts ongoing cases regarding birthright citizenship, requiring a shift to class action lawsuits or emergency appeals to challenge the constitutionality of relevant executive orders. The ruling leaves birthright citizenship in a precarious state.
  • Federal courts can no longer issue nationwide injunctions to block executive power abuses.
  • Birthright citizenship cases must now proceed via class action lawsuits or emergency appeals to the Supreme Court.
  • The ruling leaves birthright citizenship in a vulnerable state.

Shownotes Transcript

In breaking news, the MAGA majority of the Supreme Court led by Amy Coney Barrett in the Birthright Citizenship/14th Amendment case,  just destroyed 100 years of precedent that allowed Federal trial court judges to issue nationwide injunctions to address the nationwide harm caused by a President’s abuse of power, declaring that only the Supreme Court can fashion nationwide relief. Michael Popok explains that to protect 14th Amendment birthright citizenship, lawyers in 3 states will have to move quickly to either certify a class action and/or get their cases declaring Trump’s Executive Order unconstitutional back to the US Supreme Court on an emergency basis, as tens of thousands of babies born in red states and thejr citizenship and federal funding hang in the balance.

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