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cover of episode Is Trump right about violent crime in Venezuela and the US?

Is Trump right about violent crime in Venezuela and the US?

2024/10/26
logo of podcast More or Less: Behind the Stats

More or Less: Behind the Stats

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Tim Harford
唐纳德·特朗普
埃隆·马斯克
被总统-elect 特朗普任命为美国政府效率部门(DOGE)的领导人,致力于利用AI改进政府运营。
巴斯蒂安·哈雷
杰伊·阿尔巴内塞
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唐纳德·特朗普认为美国正变得比委内瑞拉更危险,并声称FBI收集的美国犯罪数据遗漏了最暴力城市的犯罪数据。他认为委内瑞拉的犯罪率正在下降,而美国的犯罪率正在飙升。 巴斯蒂安·哈雷利用Our World in Data的数据指出,就凶杀案而言,居住在美国比居住在委内瑞拉安全得多。他提供了2021年美国和委内瑞拉凶杀率的数据,并指出委内瑞拉的凶杀率是美国的三倍左右。他还指出,美国与其他富裕国家相比,凶杀率并不低。关于委内瑞拉凶杀率下降的说法,他表示需要谨慎,因为最可靠的数据存在时间滞后问题,可能错过了近期政治动荡时期的数据。 杰伊·阿尔巴内塞解释说,收集美国犯罪数据是一项巨大的行政任务,因为美国有大约18000个警察部门。他指出,FBI的数据从未覆盖全国100%,但2023年的数据包括了美国所有最大的城市,包括那些犯罪率高的城市。他认为,FBI的犯罪数据与过去一样可靠,数据收集方法没有变化,只是2021年由于引入新系统导致报告率短暂下降。 Tim Harford总结了各方观点,并指出尽管FBI的数据并非涵盖全国,但自2020年以来,美国的犯罪率,特别是凶杀率,已经下降。他强调,即使使用最低的委内瑞拉凶杀率估计值和最高的美国凶杀率估计值,两者之间仍然存在巨大差异,因此美国犯罪率超越委内瑞拉的说法缺乏依据。 埃隆·马斯克质疑FBI数据的可靠性,转发了关于一些大城市未被计入犯罪数据的说法。

Deep Dive

Key Insights

How does the US homicide rate compare to Venezuela's?

The US homicide rate is significantly lower than Venezuela's. According to the most reliable data, the US rate is between 5.7 and 7.8 per 100,000 people, while Venezuela's ranges from 19.3 to 63 per 100,000 people.

Why does Trump claim that the US is becoming more dangerous than Venezuela?

Trump argues that Venezuelan crime rates are dropping while US crime rates are rising sharply, suggesting the two countries could become comparable in terms of safety. However, the data shows a significant gap in homicide rates between the two countries.

Are Venezuelan crime rates actually dropping?

Yes, homicide rates in Venezuela appear to have declined significantly in recent years, with some sources showing a two-thirds reduction before 2021. However, the reliability of these figures is uncertain due to political instability and data collection challenges.

Is the US crime rate rising as Trump claims?

No, the overall crime picture in the US is generally positive. Homicide rates have dropped since COVID-19, and many crime categories, such as burglary and robbery, have seen declines. However, motor vehicle thefts have increased.

Can the FBI crime data be trusted to reflect accurate US crime rates?

Yes, the FBI crime data is as reliable as it has been in the past. While it doesn't cover 100% of the country, it includes all major cities and high-crime areas. The data shows a general decline in crime since 2020.

Why does the US have a higher homicide rate compared to other rich countries?

The US homicide rate is about 10 times higher than countries like Germany and Spain, which have rates of 0.83 and 0.61 per 100,000 people, respectively. This higher rate is a notable outlier among wealthy nations.

What challenges exist in collecting crime data in the US?

The US has over 18,000 independent police departments, making data collection more complex than in most countries. Despite this, the FBI includes all major cities and high-crime areas in its reporting.

Shownotes Transcript

On the campaign trail for the US presidency, former president Donald Trump has been saying that the US is becoming a more dangerous than Venezuela.

He also claims that the crime data for the US that the FBI collects is missing the most violent cities.

Is he right? Tim Harford investigates, with the help of Bastian Herre from Our World in Data and Jay Albanese from Virginia Commonwealth University.

Presenter: Tim Harford Producer: Bethan Ashmead Latham Series producer: Tom Colls Production co-ordinator: Katie Morrison Sound Mix: Annie Gardiner Editor: Richard Vadon