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cover of episode Eugene W. Holland, "Perversions of the Market: Sadism, Masochism, and the Culture of Capitalism" (SUNY Press, 2024)

Eugene W. Holland, "Perversions of the Market: Sadism, Masochism, and the Culture of Capitalism" (SUNY Press, 2024)

2025/2/21
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Eugene W. Holland: 我认为资本主义助长了虐待狂和受虐狂，这并非个体心理倾向，而是普遍的制度化行为模式。我的研究始于对波德莱尔的分析，他经历了法国社会从君主立宪制向资本主义社会的转变，其作品体现了市场对个体心理的深刻影响。在《市场的变态》一书中，我将萨德和马索克的作品作为案例，分析了资本主义生产关系中的虐待狂和消费主义中的受虐狂。萨德的小说展现了资本主义生产中对人的物化和剥削，而马索克的小说则揭示了消费主义对个体身份认同的塑造和对资本的依赖。随着资本全球化，生产和消费日益分离，导致心理分裂和边缘性状态的出现，例如自恋、法西斯主义、种族主义等。为了防止资本主义摧毁我们所知的生活，必须消除生产中的虐待狂关系和消费中的受虐狂关系。 在理论层面，我借鉴了德勒兹和瓜塔里的思想，认为欲望和社会是相互关联的，欲望直接作用于整个社会结构。他们批判了弗洛伊德和马克思的观点，认为欲望并非非理性的，而是经济体系的一部分。资本主义是一个公理系统，它具有灵活性和适应性，可以以多种不同的模式实现。资本主义作为一种捕获装置，扭曲了市场机制，将市场动态导向私有资本的积累。在《千高原》中，他们进一步指出，资本主义的公理系统包含经济、法律和科学三个方面，这些公理系统之间相互作用，共同维持资本主义的运作。法律公理可以对资本主义进行约束，但资本主义改变其公理的速度往往快于立法者。科学作为一种公理系统，其知识在任何地方都有效，但其应用方向取决于其背后的偏见和利益。 我试图在《游牧公民》的乌托邦式视角和《市场的变态》的批判性视角之间取得平衡，探索如何利用法律公理来限制资本主义，并促进更可持续和公平的社会。通过赋予自然以权利，我们可以对资本主义的扩张施加约束，从而改善环境和生活。 Nathan Smith: 作为访谈者，我没有提出具体的论点，而是引导Eugene W. Holland阐述其观点，并就其观点提出一些问题。

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Perversions of the Market: Sadism, Masochism, and the Culture of Capitalism)* *(SUNY Press, 2024) argues that capitalism fosters sadism and masochism--not as individual psychological proclivities but as widespread institutionalized patterns of behavior. The book is divided into two parts: one historical and the other theoretical. In the first, Eugene W. Holland shows how, as capital becomes global in scale and drives production and consumption farther and farther apart, it perverts otherwise free markets, transforming sadism and masochism into borderline conditions and various supremacisms. The second part then turns to Deleuze and Guattari's 'schizoanalysis,' explaining how it helpfully embeds Freud's analysis of the family and Lacan's analysis of language within an analysis of the capitalist market and its psycho-dynamics. Drawing on literature and film throughout to illuminate the discontents of modern culture, Holland maintains that the sadistic relations of production and masochistic relations of consumption must be eliminated to prevent capitalism from destroying life as we know it.

Nathan Smith is a PhD candidate in Music Theory at Yale University

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