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cover of episode Eunji Kim, "The American Mirage: How Reality TV Upholds the Myth of Meritocracy" (Princeton UP, 2025)

Eunji Kim, "The American Mirage: How Reality TV Upholds the Myth of Meritocracy" (Princeton UP, 2025)

2025/5/6
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New Books in Critical Theory

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Eunji Kim
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Eunji Kim: 我是一位媒体学者,研究各种媒体形式(包括现实电视)如何塑造我们对世界和社会的看法。我写这本书是为了探究为什么美国人对日益增长的收入不平等如此宽容,并认为这与他们对美国梦的信念有关。我研究了媒体,特别是现实电视节目,如何影响人们对美国梦的信念。我发现,那些具有‘寒门到富贵’叙事模式的现实电视节目,例如《美国偶像》和《鲨鱼坦克》,在塑造人们对美国梦的信念方面起着重要作用。这些节目通过展现普通人通过努力工作获得成功的例子,强化了人们对美国梦的信念,并提高了人们对社会流动性的乐观预期。然而,这种乐观预期与新闻媒体报道的现实情况相矛盾。我的研究使用了多种方法,包括内容分析、调查数据、实验室和实地实验以及自然实验,以证明媒体接触和对美国梦的信念之间的因果关系。我发现,观看这些节目的人更有可能相信美国梦,并且不太可能支持对富人增税等再分配政策。此外,我发现经济不安全感高的人更有可能收看这些节目,这可能解释了为什么在收入不平等加剧和经济不安全感加剧的时候,这些节目更受欢迎。我还发现,即使考虑到人们的实际生活经历和居住地的社会流动性,媒体接触仍然对人们对美国梦的信念有显著的影响。最后,我对TikTok等新媒体平台的影响进行了讨论,认为需要进一步研究其独特的微型叙事如何影响人们的认知。 Miranda Melcher: 作为访谈者,我没有提出具体的观点,而是引导Eunji Kim阐述其研究发现,并就其研究方法和结论进行提问。

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In an age of growing wealth disparities, politicians on both sides of the aisle are sounding the alarm about the fading American Dream. Yet despite all evidence to the contrary, many still view the United States as the land of opportunity. The American Mirage: How Reality TV Upholds the Myth of Meritocracy) (Princeton University Press, 2025) addresses this puzzle by exposing the stark reality of today’s media landscape, revealing how popular entertainment media shapes politics and public opinion in an increasingly news-avoiding nation.Drawing on an eclectic array of original data, Dr. Eunji Kim demonstrates how, amid a dazzling array of media choices, many Americans simply are not consuming the news. Instead, millions flock to entertainment programs that showcase real-life success stories, such as American Idol, Shark Tank, and MasterChef. Dr. Kim examines how shows like these leave viewers confoundingly optimistic about the prospects of upward mobility, promoting a false narrative of rugged individualism and meritocracy that contradicts what is being reported in the news.By taking seriously what people casually watch every day, The American Mirage shows how rags-to-riches programs perpetuate the myth of the American Dream, glorifying the economic winners, fostering tolerance for income inequality, and dampening support for redistributive policies that could improve people’s lives.

This interview was conducted by Dr. Miranda Melcher whose* book*)* focuses on post-conflict military integration, understanding treaty negotiation and implementation in civil war contexts, with qualitative analysis of the Angolan and Mozambican civil wars. You can find Miranda’s interviews on New Books with Miranda Melcher), wherever you get your podcasts.*

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