Whitehead was inspired by the real-life Dozier School for Boys in Florida, a reform school where children faced severe abuse and even death. The school's horrors, which came to light in 2014, prompted him to explore similar institutions and the lasting impact on the children who survived them.
Elwood Curtis, the protagonist, is deeply influenced by Martin Luther King Jr.'s speeches, which he sees as a guide to fighting for civil rights and justice. His belief in King's ideals of nonviolence and soul force shapes his actions and worldview, even as he faces harsh realities at the Nickel Academy.
Elwood's acts of goodness, such as stopping shoplifting and hitchhiking to attend college, result in his arrest and eventual placement at the Nickel Academy. His idealism makes him vulnerable to the systemic injustices and abuse he encounters at the reformatory.
Soul force, as described by Martin Luther King Jr., is the idea that African Americans can gain special power and wisdom from their history of struggle. In the novel, Elwood seeks to embody this concept, but the harsh realities of the Nickel Academy challenge his belief in its effectiveness.
Whitehead experienced significant personal challenges while writing the novel, including financial struggles and depression. These difficulties added to the emotional weight of the story, particularly during the final six weeks when he felt deeply affected by the experiences of the characters he created.
Colson Whitehead's 2019 novel The Nickel Boys follows the studious and idealistic Elwood Curtis, a Black teenager whose prized possession is a recording of speeches by Martin Luther King Jr. But when Elwood is sent to a juvenile reformatory in Florida, his worldview is challenged by the horrors he experiences there. Now, Whitehead's novel has been adapted into a film. In today's episode, we revisit a conversation between Whitehead and NPR's Scott Simon, where they discuss the real-life reform school that inspired Nickel Academy, MLK's idea of soul force, and Whitehead's strong emotional reaction to the characters in his novel.To listen to Book of the Day sponsor-free and support NPR's book coverage, sign up for Book of the Day+ at plus.npr.org/bookofthedayLearn more about sponsor message choices: podcastchoices.com/adchoices)NPR Privacy Policy)