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cover of episode FTC Chief Andrew Ferguson on the Trump Vision for Antitrust

FTC Chief Andrew Ferguson on the Trump Vision for Antitrust

2025/3/17
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Andrew Ferguson: 我认为特朗普总统是支持创新的,支持经济增长的,从这个意义上说,他是支持企业的。但是,我认为支持企业和支持强有力的反垄断执法之间并不矛盾。这两个目标应该齐头并进。像大多数共和党人一样,我也支持自由市场。反垄断法正是我们保持市场自由的方式。如果市场受到垄断、串谋或排挤的影响,那么它就不是自由的。它会将价值从消费者和创新型企业转移到大型垄断企业手中,而这些垄断企业主要关注的是保护其垄断地位,而不是创新、发展或提出改变美国人生活的新想法。因此,我认为特朗普总统是支持美国市场的,支持企业的,但这与支持强有力的反垄断执法是可以调和的。 此外,我认为FTC的独特价值在于它将消费者保护和反垄断执法结合在一个机构中,两者可以相互促进。反垄断人员在进行调查时,可以发现违反消费者保护法的行为,然后FTC可以使用机构的另一部分继续这些调查。因此,我认为这样做有一些好处。 关于维持现有的合并指导方针,我认为稳定对执法机构来说是件好事。如果每届政府都修改指导方针,那么机构就会把所有时间都花在撰写指导方针上,而指导方针本身也会失去意义,法院和企业也不会再依赖它们。 至于消费者福利标准,我认为它应该涵盖对市场参与者的经济损害,包括消费者和劳动者。对创新、选择或产品质量的损失,即使无法像经济学家衡量价格和产量那样进行衡量,仍然会影响消费者,也应该受到反垄断法的关注。 关于互联网平台,我认为网络效应是互联网环境的自然组成部分,反垄断法本身并不禁止垄断。但是,企业不能利用非自身能力或运气来维持垄断地位。如果企业通过降低产品质量来维持垄断地位,而没有受到竞争的惩罚,那么反垄断法就应该介入。 关于审查制度,我不希望去干涉审查本身,但我关心的是市场力量如何使企业能够不公平地对待消费者,即使这种不公平是出于政治动机。如果企业能够利用市场力量来压制消费者的声音而没有受到竞争的惩罚,那么反垄断法就应该介入。 最后,我认为230条款的解释已经远远超出了其最初的意图,需要改革。它不应该使政府保护美国人民的执法行动免于承担责任。消费者应该能够根据平台的服务条款来追究平台的责任,这有助于保护消费者免受审查。 Joe Weisenthal & Tracy Alloway: 我们讨论了消费者福利标准,以及它如何随着时间的推移而变化。我们还讨论了互联网平台的权力集中问题,以及如何衡量交易中的不公平竞争行为。我们还讨论了审查制度问题,以及它与消费者福利标准之间的关系。 Supporting_evidences Andrew Ferguson: 'The goal is to maximize Americans' returns on their taxpayer dollars...' Andrew Ferguson: 'I think President Trump is pro-innovation, pro-growth, and in that sense, he is pro-business...' Andrew Ferguson: 'I think the FTC sort of adds value to the enforcement regime because it combines the consumer protection and the antitrust enforcement program in a single agency...' Andrew Ferguson: 'Yeah, so we've had various iterations of the merger guidelines dating back to the 60s...' Andrew Ferguson: 'And so that is, you know, in my view, the consumer welfare standard encompasses injuries to participant, economic injuries to participants in marketplaces...' Andrew Ferguson: 'What you can't do is maintain your monopoly from things unrelated to your skill or the quality of your product or sort of dumb luck.' Andrew Ferguson: 'I don't want to go after censorship...', 'I do care about market power...' Andrew Ferguson: 'My view about Section 230 is that it's very difficult to justify immunizing the biggest companies in the history of the world from state and federal enforcement actions...'

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When Donald Trump won in November, one of the things that Wall Street was excited about was an expected liberalization of merger rules. There was a popular view that under Chair Lina Khan, the Biden FTC was overly stringent about what deals it would let go through, and that the new administration would give the greenlight more often. But at least so far, reality hasn't proven to be so simple. There hasn't been a big merger wave yet. And, in fact, the FTC under new Chair Andrew Ferguson has decided to keep the merger guidelines that Khan put in place. So does this mean continuity? At a live episode of the podcast taped in Washington DC, we spoke with Ferguson about the Trump administration's vision for antitrust. He talked about his philosophy of keeping corporate power in check and the tests he's using to preserve a competitive environment. He also walked us through the long history of the FTC and the notion of consumer welfare, plus why he thinks a more expansive interpretation of the term (beyond just lower prices) is in keeping with the history of conservative legal thought.

Read More: New DOJ Antitrust Chief Builds Team From Prior Administrations)Trump’s FTC Moves Ahead With Broad Microsoft Antitrust Probe)Only Bloomberg.com subscribers can get the Odd Lots newsletter in their inbox — now delivered every weekday — plus unlimited access to the site and app. Subscribe at bloomberg.com/subscriptions/oddlots)

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