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cover of episode Episode #023 ... Machiavelli

Episode #023 ... Machiavelli

2014/5/20
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Philosophize This!

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主持人:本期节目探讨了文艺复兴时期宗教改革与马基雅维利主义。首先,节目描述了文艺复兴时期人们在教会统治下的生活状态,以及他们对教会权威的质疑。当时人们生活在恐惧之中,教会对精神生活拥有垄断地位,其腐败和不道德行为,以及当时社会面临的瘟疫、战争和饥荒等问题,加剧了人们对教会权威的怀疑,最终导致了宗教改革。人文主义思潮的兴起,促进了宗教改革,使宗教体验更加个人化和充实。 其次,节目探讨了马基雅维利的政治哲学。马基雅维利认为,“美德”的定义是相对的,取决于追求的目标,没有绝对的正确或错误行为。不同角色的行为准则不同,对“美德”的理解也因目标而异。统治者的首要任务是维护国家的稳定,即使采取不道德手段也在所不惜。为维护国家稳定,统治者即使采取不道德手段也在所不惜,这包括杀戮、欺骗和战争等。但杀戮行为应以维护国家稳定为目的,并避免滥杀无辜。统治者可以选择被爱或被恐惧,但被恐惧比被爱更安全。 最后,节目指出,马基雅维利看似矛盾的观点(君主专制与共和制)可能反映了国家发展的不同阶段。为了国家利益,统治者在与其他国家交往时,可以采取不道德手段,统治者需要兼具“狮子”和“狐狸”的品质,既要能采取强硬手段,又要能运用策略和权谋。

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The episode explores the challenges faced by people during the Renaissance, particularly under the oppressive rule of The Church, and how the lack of understanding due to the Bible being in Latin led to widespread dissatisfaction and corruption within the Church.

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On this episode of the podcast, we discuss The Protestant Reformation and Machiavellianism. We begin by examining what it was like to live during the Renaissance under the rule of The Church and why the people of that time could have really benefited from Google Translate. Next, we dispel a common misconception about Machiavellianism by discussing the subjective nature of virtue. Finally, we find out why Machiavelli thought that rulers needed to act immorally at times in order to be successful. All this and more on the latest episode of Philosophize This!

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