cover of episode How to Cure What Ails You

How to Cure What Ails You

2025/5/16
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People
C
Cynthia Fu
E
Eric Kandel
J
Jad Abumrad
创始并主持广受赞誉的公众广播和播客节目《Radiolab》。
L
Lulu Miller
R
Robert Krulwich
R
Robert Sapolsky
Topics
Jad Abumrad: 我认为通过fMRI扫描大脑来诊断抑郁症等精神疾病是很有前景的。虽然目前还处于初步阶段,但未来的潜力是巨大的。我设想,通过机器学习,计算机可以学习区分抑郁症患者和健康人的大脑活动模式,从而实现客观、准确的诊断。这种技术不仅可以帮助医生更准确地诊断疾病,还可以用于评估治疗效果,从而为患者提供更个性化的治疗方案。 Robert Krulwich: 我对仅通过大脑扫描来诊断精神疾病持怀疑态度。我认为人类太复杂,无法通过简单的大脑扫描来诊断精神疾病。我更喜欢在治疗师的办公室里探索自己感受的模糊性,因为在描述自己感受的过程中,存在着无限的可能性和选择。虽然我也认为机器可以帮助找到合适的治疗方法,但我仍然担心这种技术会侵入我们内心深处的个人领域。 Eric Kandel: 我相信精神疾病的影像学诊断正在成为现实。我认为精神疾病是一种可以修复的结构性疾病,而脑部扫描可以帮助我们找到疾病的根源。虽然目前这项技术还处于起步阶段,但我相信它将彻底改变精神病学。我设想,未来医生可以通过扫描患者的大脑来快速诊断各种精神疾病,并为患者提供更有效的治疗。 Cynthia Fu: 我通过研究发现,抑郁症患者和健康人在大脑活动上存在显著差异。我利用机器学习技术,让计算机学习区分抑郁症患者和健康人的大脑活动模式,结果发现计算机对新患者的诊断准确率高达86%。我认为这项研究具有重要的临床意义,可以为精神疾病的诊断和治疗提供新的思路和方法。

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Now that we have the ability to see inside the brain without opening anyone's skull, we'll be able to map and define brain activity and peg it to behavior and feelings. Right? Well, maybe not, or maybe not just yet. It seems the workings of our brains are rather too complex and diverse across individuals to really say for certain what a brain scan says about a person. But Nobel prize winner Eric Kandel and researcher Cynthia Fu tell us about groundbreaking work in the field of depression that just may help us toward better diagnosis and treatment.

Anything that helps us treat a disease better is welcome. Doctors have been led astray before by misunderstanding a disease and what makes it better. Neurologist Robert Sapolsky tells us about the turn of the last century, when doctors discovered that babies who died inexplicably in their sleep had thymus glands that seemed far too large. Blasting them with radiation shrank them effectively, and so was administered to perfectly healthy children to prevent this sudden infant death syndrome...

Leadership support for Radiolab’s science programming is provided by the Simons Foundation and the John Templeton Foundation. Foundational support for Radiolab was provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation.