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cover of episode The Stanford Prison Experiment

The Stanford Prison Experiment

2021/8/30
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Right Answers Mostly

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Claire: 斯坦福监狱实验是心理学史上最著名且最具争议性的研究之一,旨在探究监狱中狱警暴行的成因是狱警个人的残忍天性,还是监狱环境和权力结构造成的。实验通过模拟监狱环境,将参与者随机分配为狱警和囚犯,观察他们的行为。实验结果显示,狱警开始虐待囚犯,囚犯则屈服甚至精神崩溃。这一结果被解释为情境的力量大于个人性格,即环境能够塑造人的行为,即使是普通人也能在特定情境下做出残暴的行为。然而,实验也存在诸多争议,例如样本缺乏多样性,实验设计存在缺陷,Zimbardo 的主观引导等。这些缺陷使得实验结果的可信度受到质疑,其结论也无法简单地推广到现实社会。 Tess: 作为斯坦福监狱实验的旁观者,我从实验的各个方面看到了其局限性和伦理问题。实验参与者都是白人中产阶级男性,缺乏多样性,无法代表真实的监狱环境和人群。实验设计中,Zimbardo 对狱警行为的纵容,以及对囚犯的限制,都使得实验结果受到质疑。实验中,囚犯的权利被剥夺,他们的精神和身体健康受到严重损害。实验暴露了权力和服从的复杂性,以及环境对人类行为的影响,但其结论并不能简单地归因于人性本恶。实验的伦理问题也引发了人们对心理学研究的反思,强调在研究中必须保护参与者的权利和福祉。实验结果的解读也存在争议,一些人认为实验结果支持情境决定论,而另一些人则认为实验结果并不能完全排除个人性格的影响。总而言之,斯坦福监狱实验是一个复杂且具有争议性的研究,其结果需要谨慎解读,并不能简单地概括为人类本性或环境的单一结论。

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The podcast introduces the Stanford Prison Experiment, a controversial psychological study conducted in 1971 to explore the psychological effects of perceived power, focusing on the abuse of power and the impact of the prison environment.

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In this episode, Claire takes us through one of the most famous psychological studies of all time, The Stanford Prison Experiment. We break down the shocking events that led up to this iconic study being shut down and dive into the age old question, is it nature or nurture that brings evil into this world?

Produced and Created by: Claire Donald and Tess Bellomo

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