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cover of episode Leave Trans Kids Alone You Absolute Freaks (with Chase Strangio)

Leave Trans Kids Alone You Absolute Freaks (with Chase Strangio)

2024/12/9
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Strict Scrutiny

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People
B
Brett Kavanaugh
C
Chase Strangio
J
Justice Kagan
K
Kate Shaw
K
Ketanji Brown Jackson
M
Melissa Murray
S
Samuel Alito
Topics
Chase Strangio: 本案的核心是挑战田纳西州SB1法案,该法案禁止未成年人获得性别肯定医疗护理。该法案不仅侵犯了父母根据医生建议为子女提供医疗护理的权利,也基于性别和跨性别身份进行分类,违反了平等保护条款。我们认为,该法案应适用严格审查,而非最低限度的审查。即使排除未成年人因素,该法案仍然构成基于性别的歧视。我们还认为,法院不应将Bostock案的判例与本案混淆,本案是一个独立的宪法案件。戈萨奇大法官在庭审中的沉默令人意外,这可能是他的一种策略选择。第六巡回法院的裁决过于宽泛,认为任何区分跨性别者和顺性别者的法律都只应适用最低限度的审查,这应予以推翻。最高法院可能以多种方式裁定SB1法案适用最低限度的审查,其中一些方式将对性别歧视案件的先例构成威胁。如果法院认为基于生物学差异的医疗法规无需适用严格审查,这将危及所有法院的性别歧视案件先例。巴雷特大法官在审查跨性别者是否构成受保护群体时,对歧视历史的理解存在偏差。跨性别者在政治进程中缺乏话语权,法院应介入保护其权利。法院未审理SB1法案中关于父母权利的论点,这可能是因为缺乏明确的巡回法院分歧,或因为法院不愿限制父母权利。巴雷特大法官可能故意留下父母权利的论点,以缓和公众对裁决的负面反应。法院在涉及医疗不确定性的案件中,倾向于给予政府更大的自由裁量权,这与堕胎案件中的做法类似。卡斯报告并未对性别肯定医疗护理的必要性提出异议,其在庭审中的突出地位与案件本身无关。 Melissa Murray: 禁止跨性别医疗护理的法案与堕胎禁令之间存在关联,都体现了对身体自主权的限制,并且受到全球政治趋势的影响。第六巡回法院认为SB1法案并非基于性别分类,这一说法是荒谬的。即使将未成年人因素排除,SB1法案仍然构成基于性别的歧视,应适用严格审查。如果法院裁定所有基于性别的医疗法规都不需要严格审查,这将对女性的医疗保健权利构成严重威胁。法院声称缺乏评估医疗证据的能力,这与他们在其他案件中对科学证据的审查做法相矛盾。最高法院在SB1案中的立场存在三个派别:自由派、保守派和试图保持中立的中间派。自由派大法官认为,法院有责任在少数群体在政治进程中无法维护自身利益的情况下,介入保护其权利。中间派大法官倾向于回避对有争议问题的裁决,认为法院不应介入。Bostock案与本案相比,缺乏对跨性别权利的积极辩护,这可能是导致结果不同的原因之一。法院在涉及医疗不确定性的案件中,倾向于给予政府更大的自由裁量权,这与堕胎案件中的做法类似。 Kate Shaw: SB1案是一个宪法案件,其本身就构成基于性别的歧视,无需依赖Bostock案的判例。每个人似乎都在回避Bostock案,除了戈萨奇大法官,他却保持沉默。这可能是他的一种策略选择。第六巡回法院的裁决过于宽泛,认为任何区分跨性别者和顺性别者的法律都只应适用最低限度的审查。

Deep Dive

Key Insights

Why did states prioritize banning gender-affirming care for minors in 2023?

States prioritized banning gender-affirming care for minors in 2023 due to a convergence of factors, including the post-Dobbs legislative session, global far-right government trends, and escalating anti-trans rhetoric. This led GOP supermajority legislatures to focus on these bans as their top priority, coinciding with the parental rights rhetoric.

What was the main legal issue in United States v. Skrmetti?

The main legal issue in United States v. Skrmetti was whether Tennessee's ban on gender-affirming care for minors triggers heightened scrutiny under the Equal Protection Clause due to its classification based on sex.

How did the Sixth Circuit initially rule on the Tennessee law?

The Sixth Circuit initially ruled that Tennessee's law did not classify people on the basis of sex and was subject only to rational basis review, ignoring the explicit sex-based language in the statute.

Why was Justice Gorsuch's silence during the argument surprising?

Justice Gorsuch's silence was surprising because he is typically an active questioner and had written the majority opinion in Bostock v. Clayton County, which was central to the arguments presented. His lack of engagement was unexpected and left many wondering about his stance on the issue.

What potential implications did the court's decision have for equal protection jurisprudence?

The court's decision could undermine the entire framework of tiers of scrutiny in equal protection jurisprudence, especially if it exempts medical regulations from heightened scrutiny based on biological differences. This would erode the purpose of heightened scrutiny for sex classifications and could have broader implications for constitutional rights.

How did Justice Sotomayor defend the role of the court in protecting minority groups?

Justice Sotomayor defended the court's role by emphasizing that the democratic process often fails to protect minority groups, such as transgender individuals who make up less than 1% of the population. She argued that the court must step in to ensure these groups are not discriminated against.

What did Judge Bennett's ruling in the Naval Academy case signify?

Judge Bennett's ruling signified a victory for affirmative action, holding that the Naval Academy had established a compelling national security interest in a diverse officer corps. This decision was significant as it countered arguments against race-conscious admissions policies in military academies.

Why did the Fifth Circuit's decision in the border fencing case challenge federal supremacy?

The Fifth Circuit's decision challenged federal supremacy by issuing an injunction against the United States, preventing it from taking countervailing measures against Texas's erection of barbed wire fences at the border. This decision undermined the federal government's authority over immigration enforcement.

What was the significance of the district court decision in Florida regarding Target's Pride Week marketing campaign?

The district court decision in Florida allowed a class action lawsuit against Target for allegedly lying about the risk of consumer backlash to its Pride Week marketing campaign. This case highlighted the intersection of right-wing agitation and legal tactics to enforce conservative preferences through the courts.

Shownotes Transcript

Kate, Melissa, and Leah break down United States v. Skrmetti, the Court’s big case on gender-affirming care for minors, with the ACLU’s Chase Strangio. Chase is one of the lawyers who argued the case–as well as the first known transgender lawyer to argue at the Supreme Court. The hosts then make a pit stop at the always-out-there Fifth Circuit before recapping the other cases the Court heard this week.