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cover of episode Have We Been Thinking About A.D.H.D. All Wrong?

Have We Been Thinking About A.D.H.D. All Wrong?

2025/6/17
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Edmund Sanuga-Bark
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Paul Tough
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Rachel Abrams
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Rachel Abrams: 过去三十年，美国多动症的诊断和药物处方都在稳步上升，但一些研究人员开始质疑我们识别和治疗多动症的根本方式是否错误。我们需要重新审视多动症的定义、诊断标准以及治疗方法，以更全面和有效地帮助患者。 Paul Tough: 我因为个人经历开始关注多动症的故事，我注意到多动症的诊断既清晰又模糊，这让我感到困惑。我采访了埃德蒙·萨努加-巴克等研究人员，他们正在重新思考多动症的定义和治疗方法。他们认为，多动症可能不是一种明确的医学疾病，而是一种情境依赖性的状态，药物治疗可能不是唯一的解决方案。我们需要更多关注患者的实际体验，帮助他们应对环境挑战，增加技能和韧性。 Edmund Sanuga-Bark: 我一生都在试图理解多动症，我小时候很顽皮，这是我隐藏弱点的一种方式。我认为，多动症是个人大脑与环境不匹配的结果。药物治疗可以给家庭一个喘息的机会，以便重新与孩子建立联系，但它不是唯一的解决方案。最重要的是关注多动症患者的实际体验，帮助他们应对羞耻感和低自尊等问题，而不是仅仅修复大脑化学物质。

Deep Dive

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The podcast explores the complexities of ADHD diagnosis, highlighting the inconsistencies and subjectivity involved. Researchers are questioning whether ADHD is a categorical condition or exists on a spectrum, and the challenges of finding a definitive biomarker.
  • Challenges in defining ADHD as a categorical or spectrum disorder.
  • Subjectivity in diagnosis due to varying symptoms.
  • The failed search for a definitive ADHD biomarker.

Shownotes Transcript

Over the past three decades, A.D.H.D. diagnoses in the U.S. have been climbing steadily, and so have prescriptions for the medication to manage the symptoms.

As the field booms, some longtime researchers are starting to question whether much of the fundamental thinking around how we identify and treat the disorder is wrong.

Paul Tough, a contributing writer for The New York Times Magazine, explains.

Guest: Paul Tough, a contributing writer for The New York Times Magazine who, for the last two decades, has written articles and books about education and child development.

Background reading: 

For more information on today’s episode, visit nytimes.com/thedaily). Transcripts of each episode will be made available by the next workday. 

Photo: Bill Truran/Alamy Stock Photo

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