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cover of episode America’s Oligarch Problem

America’s Oligarch Problem

2025/6/24
logo of podcast The New Yorker Radio Hour

The New Yorker Radio Hour

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D
David Remnick
E
Evan Osnos
M
Madeline Barron
U
Unidentified Speaker
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David Remnick: 特朗普政府的政策实际上让富人受益,使他们获得了前所未有的权力和地位。他的税收政策是美国历史上最大的一次从穷人和中产阶级向富人的财富转移。这引发了关于美国是否也出现了像俄罗斯和中国那样的寡头政治的讨论,即政府掌握在有产者手中,富人和亿万富翁获得了前所未有的权力和地位。 Evan Osnos: 美国的政府现在可以被定义为寡头政治,因为政府掌握在有产者手中。亿万富翁对美国总统选举的贡献大幅增加。美国最初就是一个由有产白人男性掌握投票权的公民寡头政体,他们相信法治对商业和国家都有利。如果领导人认为个人权力高于法律,公民寡头政治可能会变成像普京的俄罗斯那样的苏丹式寡头政治。特朗普承认自己利用了系统,而希拉里不进行更激进的改革是因为她的捐助者也在利用系统。民主党捐助者不愿单方面放弃捐款,因为特朗普政府让许多亿万富翁控制了政府。特朗普的儿子创建了一个私人俱乐部,目的是将自己与不信任的人隔离开来。科技巨头们认为自己是企业家精神的典范,但却被指责为垄断者和侵犯隐私者。特朗普总统不仅会原谅这些科技巨头的错误和滥用行为,还会庆祝他们,并取消对他们的监管。共和党内出现了民粹主义者和寡头阶级之间的分裂。在美国空前富裕的时代,一半的美国人拿不出1000美元的应急费用。科技进步可能会对劳动力市场产生不利影响,马斯克们希望利用政府来推进他们的经济项目。班农等人擅长利用民粹主义力量来分裂民众。当贫富差距过大时,政治家们会鼓励底层人民在种族或移民问题上相互攻击。

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A mega-donor to the Republican Presidential campaign, Elon Musk got something no other titan of industry has ever received: an office in the White House and a government department tailor-made for him, with incalculable influence in shaping the Administration. But even with Musk out of Washington, it remains a fact that the influence of wealth in America has never been greater. As one case in point, Donald Trump’s “big beautiful bill” is estimated to raise or leave flat the taxes of about 57 million households, while the top five per cent of earners will have their taxes cut by more than $1.5 trillion. From his perch in Washington, Evan Osnos) has for years been looking at the politics of hyper-wealth. While the wealthy have always held outsized influence, Osnos explains how tech tycoons, in particular, sought far greater influence under Donald Trump’s second Administration. “These are guys who really believed that they were the greatest example of entrepreneurship,” he tells David Remnick, “and that all of a sudden they found that, no, they were being called monopolists, that they were being accused of invading people's privacy, that in fact they had been blamed for the degradation of democracy, of our children’s emotional health, of our attention spans. They suddenly saw that there was a new President who would not only forgive any of those kinds of mistakes and patterns of abuse but would in fact celebrate them, and would roll back any of the regulation that was in their way.” Osnos’s new book, collected from his reporting in The New Yorker, is “The Haves and Have-Yachts: Dispatches on the Ultrarich).”