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John Dickson:本期节目探讨了十字军东征的历史真相及其在现代中东冲突中的误读。节目嘉宾克里斯托弗·泰尔曼教授指出,公众对十字军东征的普遍认知存在误区,许多人对十字军东征的了解存在偏差或错误,十字军东征并非现代中东冲突的先兆,两者之间存在相似之处,但并非直接关联。节目还探讨了十字军东征的起因、过程、结果以及对现代西方与穆斯林世界关系的影响。 Christopher Tyerman:十字军东征并非文明冲突的组成部分,而应该置于自身的时间、地点和成因中进行考察。将十字军东征与现代冲突联系起来是完全没有历史依据的,这种观点具有腐蚀性。西方和中东都存在对十字军东征的误读,西方认为十字军东征是西方价值观对抗东方价值观的体现,而中东则认为十字军东征是西方侵略的象征。十字军东征的动机复杂多样,既有宗教因素,也有政治和经济因素。对旧约圣经中关于暴力的经文的解读变得更加字面化,最终导致了对圣战的认可。伯纳德·克莱沃将新约中的军事隐喻具体化,为实际的战争行为提供了宗教理由。基督教会与政治权力的结合,以及西方欧洲军事精英的统治,促进了对正义战争的认可。十字军东征不同于其他战争形式,它被视为直接遵照上帝旨意进行的战争,其暴力行为本身就是一种宗教行为。 Recep Tayyip Erdogan:西方国家正在发动一场反对伊斯兰教的十字军东征。

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The episode begins by discussing how modern leaders like Turkish President Erdogan invoke the Crusades to explain contemporary conflicts, highlighting the ongoing impact of historical events on current geopolitical tensions.

Shownotes Transcript

***This is the first of a two part episode on The Crusades. ***

Over nine hundred years after the launch of the first Crusade, world leaders are still invoking their memory to explain ongoing conflict. But how plausible is that?

Chances are, whether you're a Christian or a skeptic, what you think you know about the Crusades is wrong. Or so says our guest for this episode.

What were the Crusades? How did they start? What did they achieve? Why did they stop? 

And does their shadow really fall over modern tensions between the West and Muslim lands?

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