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cover of episode Frontline special - the ground war in Ukraine during 2024

Frontline special - the ground war in Ukraine during 2024

2024/12/28
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World in 10

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James Hansen
P
Philip Ingram
Topics
James Hansen: 对2024年乌克兰战争的总结性问题,以及对关键事件和人物的分析。 Philip Ingram: 从战术角度来看,2024年乌克兰战争处于僵持状态,双方在主动权上此消彼长。战争不仅限于地面战场,还包括对克里米亚和俄罗斯境内的袭击。美国对乌克兰的600亿美元军事援助延迟对乌克兰战争努力造成了巨大影响,导致乌克兰的春季反攻未能取得预期成果。俄罗斯在战争中不断调整战术,造成巨大的人员伤亡。乌克兰军事指挥层的更迭并未立即改变战术,但随后发起了对库尔斯克的入侵。乌克兰缺乏足够的资源和装甲部队来突破俄罗斯的防御线,在反攻初期损失了一些坦克和装甲车,部分原因是俄罗斯的空中力量。俄罗斯在东部取得的进展意义有限,其代价巨大,每天的士兵伤亡人数巨大,且装备损失严重,弹药储备正在迅速减少,不得不依赖朝鲜等国提供弹药。俄罗斯在战场上取得的战术性进展并不意味着战争的胜利。俄罗斯的战争可持续性面临问题,2025年可能是转折点,其战争策略不可持续。乌克兰对库尔斯克的入侵是一次巨大的成功,它改变了战场态势,是一次大胆而必要的军事行动,它重新夺回了主动权,但未能持续保持主动权,主要原因是资源不足。乌克兰的战争不仅关乎国家生存,也关乎欧洲和国际安全。乌克兰地面战争预计将持续下去,双方将继续调整战术,乌克兰可能在夏季进行装甲行动,但这取决于他们能否获得额外的资源和空中支援。乌克兰可能会在2025年进行更多大胆的行动,以扰乱俄罗斯。 特朗普上任后可能会增加对乌克兰的军事援助,以回应普京的拒绝谈判,可能会向欧洲施压,要求增加国防开支并向乌克兰派遣地面部队。 James Hansen: 对2024年乌克兰战争的总结性问题,以及对关键事件和人物的分析。

Deep Dive

Key Insights

What was the impact of the delayed $60 billion US military aid package on Ukraine's war effort in 2024?

The delay in the $60 billion US military aid package had a massive impact on Ukraine's war effort. The aid, which was held up in Congress until April and mostly delivered by summer, was crucial for replenishing ammunition, artillery, and equipment. Without it, Ukrainian forces were severely limited, firing only a few shells a day compared to Russia's hundreds or thousands, which allowed Russia to regain the initiative in certain areas.

How did the change in Ukrainian military leadership affect tactics in 2024?

The change in Ukrainian military leadership, with General Zaluzhny replaced by General Sersky, did not immediately alter tactics. Sersky took time to assess the situation before planning operations like the incursion into Kursk. This operation, coordinated with General Badanov of Ukrainian Military Intelligence, aimed to dislocate Russian forces and regain the initiative, marking a significant shift in strategy.

What were the Russian casualty rates in 2024, and how sustainable are they?

Russian casualty rates in 2024 were estimated at 1,400 to 1,600 soldiers per day, with significant losses of equipment. This high rate is unsustainable, as Russia is increasingly relying on foreign troops from North Korea, Africa, and the Middle East. The strain on manpower and resources suggests that 2025 could be a turning point where Russia's ability to sustain such losses collapses.

What was the significance of Ukraine's incursion into Kursk in 2024?

Ukraine's incursion into Kursk in August 2024 was a significant military success. It disrupted Russian forces, forced them to reallocate resources, and gave Ukraine the initiative for a period. The operation also brought the conflict closer to Russian civilians, increasing awareness and questioning of the war. While it didn't achieve all its objectives, it marked a bold and necessary move by General Sersky.

How might Donald Trump's presidency in 2025 affect the Ukraine-Russia conflict?

Donald Trump's presidency in 2025 could lead to increased pressure on Vladimir Putin to negotiate, potentially resulting in a ramping up of US arms supplies to Ukraine. Trump may also push European nations to increase their defense spending and even deploy troops to western Ukraine to free up Ukrainian forces for the eastern front. This could shift the geopolitical dynamics significantly.

Chapters
The year 2024 saw a stalemate in the ground war in Ukraine, with the initiative shifting between Russia and Ukraine. The delay in US military aid significantly impacted Ukraine's war effort, while Russia adapted its tactics and inflicted heavy casualties. Ukraine's change in military command did not immediately result in tactical shifts, but eventually led to strategic actions.
  • Tactical stalemate with shifting initiative
  • Significant impact of delayed US aid
  • Adaptation of Russian tactics
  • Change in Ukrainian military command
  • Challenges faced by Ukraine in armored warfare

Shownotes Transcript

In this extended Frontline conversation, James Hanson speaks to military analyst and former military intelligence officer and NATO planner Philip Ingram MBE about the ground war in Ukraine during 2024.

The World in 10 is the Times' daily podcast dedicated to global security. Expert analysis of war, diplomatic relations and cyber security from The Times' foreign correspondents and military specialists. 

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