从街头涂鸦到神圣经文——一门语言的“双面人生”
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嗨,大家好,欢迎回来酒馆,嗨,阿兰嗨,露露,大家好今天可以提出一个题目吗?嗯,是的你知道,这将会是你非常非常喜欢说的话的事情,实际上你不能放弃那会是一个很好的改变你兴奋吗?我兴奋,但是我每次提出一个题目都会有点紧张

好吗?所以,开玩笑的,我们说了很多这些英语中的老语,从德国,从意大利,从日本,我们从来没有深入到一些根源。你知道吗?我相信所有人学习英语或在进步階段学习英语的人都知道你需要学习所有这些拉丁语,英语语。所以我认为,

阿兰 你学过兰族吗我学过那你每天生活中有什么用处呢听起来好像有用

好 好 我想让我们的半科学家来谈谈英语的拉丁影响和我们还在英语中使用的一些东西是从拉丁来的是的 这很棒我告诉你 你会喜欢这个题目好 首先 安兰 我知道这听起来像是一个浓厚的问题

Isn't Latin a dead language?Why would you learn it?And why would anyone learn it?Okay, so first of all, it's not a dead language.

就梵蒂冈城里面所以帝国就用了这个词

OK,Are you joking?I'm not joking.If you go online,if you go on social media,you will find some tweets in Latin.

Actually, there was a film you recommended to me. I forgot the name. It's about the Pope, the changing of the Pope.Conclave.Conclave, yes. In that, they were all speaking Latin.Well, yeah, that's the thing. Even though that not many people speak it, I, for example, I learned Latin, but I learned how to read it and to a certain extent, write it.

But that's because Latin has been used for thousands of years.It's definitely an academic language.I mean, for work reasons, I've been dealing with a lot of legal English or medical English.They're filled with Latin.Well, funny you should say that, because lots of my classmates have actually gone into the law profession.Oh, so you study Latin and then you just move on to law.Well, that's one direction.Hmm.

我明白,我明白。那么,拉丁文化的历史多久了?拉丁文化在两千、三千年之内,所以,联邦帝国在欧洲、南阿富汗和中东部地区传播了。但在中世代和维那斯兰,拉丁文化在欧洲的主要是教育、科学和训练的文化。

我明白所以每个人都在学习中文就像现在每个人都在学英文一样是的那种对

我可以问一下吗?你也说了一点点意大利话。跟意大利话比较有何不同?我不会说我说意大利话很多,但是...

So you'll be able to read Italian to some extent?

to some extent.Maybe not the modern slangs.No, no.But if you put in front of me a text in maybe French or Spanish,I can probably just about understand what the text is about,but I wouldn't be able to speak it.

你刚才说了,有多少种现代语言来自拉丁语言。对。英语里面有多少种拉丁语言?这必须是千万个。英语里面有超过 60%的语言有拉丁语言的源头。哇。即使英语是一个德国语言,它也从拉丁语中拆除了很多语言和结构,尤其是在学术和正式的写作中。

在過去,是的

所以大概一百年前,拉丁很非常非常普遍。所以这是一个的标准,比如说你去公共学校,你会学习拉丁和英语。他们仍然在学校里提供拉丁,但它不像以前那么流行。

我猜到事情会改变,然后你会进行其他事情。是的,而我对于拉丁的事情很喜欢的是,它是一个非常适当的语言。因为人们不说它,所以它不在那种自然的方式中发展,语言发展。它非常适当,而且它就像在做 puzzles 。所以当你从拉丁语言翻译到英语时,就像在想要解决一个困难。

所以那是一个你不必说的语言,你只需要记得语言规则,然后去研究。是的。真的吗?一件事是,拉丁语言的语言比其他语言还要小。所以很多意义来自语言。所以拉丁语言可以很复杂,但也很适当。你只需要学习语言。

我认为这很适合非常有与人交流的人们,他们觉得很难学习一种语言。是的,但也有点……

Good for people who are interested in medicine and science, because the names of plants, animals, diseases often come from Latin.Yeah, if you want to study law or medicine, you have to learn a bit of Latin.Yes, but Latin also has some little quirks.It's a little bit like Chinese.There's no proper one word for yes or no.We do have proper word for yes or no.We say 是不是。

Well, for example, 我去 or 你去吗?我去 or 我不去。Oh, so basically you're saying that we put right in front of the verb. Isn't that the same in English?Same in Latin. Latin doesn't have a yes or no. So speakers have to use a full sentence or just repeat the verb.I go, I don't go.Yeah, I go or I don't go.

I see, I see.Okay, so that's a little bit of background about Latin.And I thought, because this is a two-part episode,I thought we can cover some of the expressions that people are still using very frequently in English that originally come from Latin.Absolutely.First of all, is that one Latin?That's got to be Latin.Like when you're trying to give examples,you say,oh, I see many animals,lions, tigers, elephants,

所以下回大家知道那个读 etc

Exactly.You also have, for example, verbatim.Verbatim?V-E-R-B-A-T-I-M?Yeah.That's got to have something to do with verbal, words.Yeah.So it means word for word.So we use that when we're repeating what someone said.But if we want to emphasize it's exactly what they said, we'll say, ah, Lulu said that.

Verbatim 就是逐字一个字一个字的就是一字不差的 Word for wordSo this is what she saidVerbatimI think I've seen this in translation or somethingVerbatim translationIt's just as a way of saying this is exactly what was saidVerbatim

那这个呢?是"ego"一个中文词吗?是的,"ego"或者,在中文中,就是"ego",意思是"我"或"我自己"。比如说,"alto ego"。

我真的不是

OK, never mind.But when you're trying to describe your alter ego, it usually means that is a different, for example, if you are very, very extrovert and then you have another hidden personality that is very introvert, you can just say my alter ego is actually very quiet, sits in a corner.Exactly.And one thing that has been talked about

好像是那个索罗斯社就是把这个带火了 carpe diem 它是拉丁文英文是 cease the day 也就是 live in the moment 活在当下

I've seen that

啊

就是这样的。

所以,这就是教育人们认为的罗兹语,是他们认为的最纯粹的语言。正确的学术语言。你没有用过任何的俗语。不。所以,例如,很多罗兹语的语言,

意大利、西班牙、法国。头的词是"testo"或"tet".所以在法语中,头是"tet".在中文中,它是"caput".哦,像"capital"?是的。所以为什么它是"tet"?因为它来自于中文的"testa",也就是"pot"。所以那是一个人头的词语。

所以其实欧洲语言比如说如果你看到有一个词几个欧洲语言非常不一样比如说罗曼语族和日耳曼语族完全不一样的很有可能是因为一边受到的影响是

正统拉丁也就是学术派拉丁书面化拉丁那个正规的那个影响而另外一部分语言是受到的街头拉丁 street latinexactlyand do you know where we learn street latin fromhow we know how latin was spokenisn't it graffitiexactly 就是墙上涂鸦 yeah i've seen thati've even bought books about thatif you're interestedcheck out ancient roman graffiti

是很可笑的,而且大部分是非常非常非常非常很脆弱的,我有一本書關於這一點,未來我們可能可以談論這一點。那不是給孩子的一種。是的,沒錯。

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