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cover of episode #300 - Special episode: Peter on exercise, fasting, nutrition, stem cells, geroprotective drugs, and more — promising interventions or just noise?

#300 - Special episode: Peter on exercise, fasting, nutrition, stem cells, geroprotective drugs, and more — promising interventions or just noise?

2024/5/6
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The Peter Attia Drive
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Peter Attia：本期节目探讨了多种流行的健康干预措施，并根据证据水平和相关性将其分为“已证实”、“有前景”、“模糊”、“噪音”和“无意义”几类。他首先讨论了雷帕霉素、二甲双胍、NAD+及其前体、白藜芦素等老年防护药物，然后探讨了最大摄氧量、肌肉质量、血流限制训练和干细胞等与运动和康复相关的主题。他还讨论了营养问题，包括长期禁食、糖的摄入、代谢健康、人工甜味剂和红肉与癌症的关系。Attia 博士分享了他对这些主题的当前观点，以及这些观点是如何随着时间的推移而演变的，并强调了科学结论的不确定性和证据的重要性。他解释了如何根据现有证据对这些干预措施进行分类，并强调了在做出任何健康决策之前进行全面评估和咨询医生的重要性。他特别强调了运动和力量训练的重要性，认为它们对健康和寿命的影响远大于其他干预措施。他还讨论了能量平衡理论，并解释了为什么他认为单纯限制卡路里可能并不总是最佳的策略。他还讨论了关于糖和红肉的常见误解，并解释了为什么他认为这些说法过于简单化。他分享了他对长期禁食的个人经验，以及为什么他最终停止了这种做法。他还讨论了人工甜味剂的潜在风险和益处，并建议人们优先考虑更天然的甜味剂或完全避免使用。

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Peter clasifica la rapamicina como prometedora debido a su éxito en la prolongación de la vida en varios modelos animales, pero aún carece de datos humanos sustanciales. Considera que la metformina es poco convincente como agente geroprotector debido a estudios epidemiológicos contradictorios y a su fracaso en el ITP. La NAD y sus precursores se consideran "ruido" debido a la falta de datos sólidos que respalden su uso, mientras que el resveratrol se clasifica como "sin sentido" debido a la falta de evidencia en estudios con ratones.
  • La rapamicina ha prolongado la vida en todos los sistemas modelo de eucariotas.
  • La metformina no ha logrado prolongar la vida en el ITP.
  • La NAD y sus precursores carecen de datos sólidos para respaldar las afirmaciones geroprotectoras.
  • El resveratrol no ha mostrado ningún beneficio en estudios con ratones con dietas normales.

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In this special edition celebrating 300 episodes of The Drive, Peter discusses a variety of popular topics and health interventions and classifies them based on their level of evidence and relevance using the following categories: proven, promising, fuzzy, noise, and nonsense. Peter first delves into the topic of geroprotective molecules, covering rapamycin, metformin, NAD and its precursors, and resveratrol. Next, he explores the significance of metrics like VO2 max and muscle mass, as well as emerging concepts like blood flow restriction and stem cells. The conversation extends to nutrition, addressing questions surrounding long-term fasting, sugar consumption, sugar substitutes, and the contentious role of red meat in cancer. Peter not only provides his current stance on each topic—most of which have been covered in great detail in the previous 300 episodes—but also reflects on how his opinion may have evolved over the years.

We discuss:

  • Defining the categories of “proven, promising, fuzzy, noise, and nonsense” [3:15];
  • Rapamycin [9:30];
  • Metformin [17:00];
  • NAD and its precursors [24:30];
  • Resveratrol [32:45];
  • The importance of VO2 max, muscle mass, and muscular strength for lifespan [38:15];
  • Blood flow restriction (BFR) training [44:00];
  • Using stem cells to treat osteoarthritis or injury [51:30];
  • Fasting as a tool for longevity (and why Peter stopped his fasting protocol) [55:45];
  • The energy balance theory [1:06:30];
  • The idea that sugar is poison [1:12:00];
  • The idea that sugar substitutes are dangerous [1:22:15];
  • The debate on red meat and cancer [1:28:45]; and
  • More.

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