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cover of episode Snippet 26: Cognitive Biases That Are Giving You Anxiety (And How To Avoid Them) - Dr Julie Smith

Snippet 26: Cognitive Biases That Are Giving You Anxiety (And How To Avoid Them) - Dr Julie Smith

2023/11/7
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Deep Dive with Ali Abdaal

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Julie Smith: 本段落主要介绍了几种常见的认知偏差,例如个人化、灾难化和精神过滤器。个人化是指人们倾向于将外部事件与自身联系起来,即使这些事件与自身并无直接关系。例如,看到熟人没有回应自己的问候,就认为对方讨厌自己。灾难化是指人们倾向于夸大事件的负面影响,将小概率事件视为必然发生。精神过滤器是指人们倾向于关注消极信息,而忽略积极信息。这些认知偏差都是大脑为了快速解释事件而采取的捷径,并非病理现象,但它们会导致焦虑和负面情绪。 Julie Smith: 理解这些认知偏差的关键在于,意识到它们的存在并识别出它们。一旦意识到自己正在使用这些偏差,就可以有意识地跳出负面思维循环,理性看待事件。例如,在遇到个人化偏差时,可以尝试从多个角度看待事件,而不是仅仅关注自身。在遇到灾难化偏差时,可以尝试评估事件的实际风险,而不是夸大其负面影响。在遇到精神过滤器时,可以尝试关注积极信息,而不是仅仅关注消极信息。 Julie Smith: 大脑的负面思维模式,例如将社交排斥与生存风险联系起来,是进化过程中形成的生存机制,并非完全理性。虽然这些机制在过去可能帮助我们生存,但在现代社会中,它们往往会适得其反,导致焦虑和不必要的压力。因此,理解这些机制的运作方式,并学习如何控制它们,对于维护心理健康至关重要。 Ali Abdaal: 作为访谈者,Ali Abdaal主要通过与Julie Smith的对话,阐述了认知偏差对自身的影响。他举例说明了自己在查看YouTube视频评论时,会不自觉地专注于负面评论,而忽略积极评论,这体现了精神过滤器的作用。他意识到这种行为模式后,能够有意识地控制自己,避免陷入负面情绪。这说明,理解认知偏差并学习如何应对,对于改善心理健康具有实际意义。

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Oh, by the way, before we get into this episode, I would love to tell you a little bit about Life Notes. Now, Life Notes is a weekly-ish email that I send completely for free to my subscribers, and it contains my notes from life. So notes from books that I've read, podcasts I'm listening to, conversations I'm having, and experiences I'm having in work and in life. And around once a week, I write these up and share them in an email with my subscribers. So if you would like to get an email from me that contains the stuff that I'm learning, almost in real time as I'm learning it, you might like to subscribe. There is a link down in the show notes or in the video description.

We talk about like anxious thought patterns. We've kind of alluded to the idea of catastrophizing. There's a few other things that...

I think you talk about in the book around personalizing, overgeneralizing, labeling. I wonder if we can just go through some of these for people who might not be familiar with them. So what is personalizing? So personalizing is that thing that we all do. I mean, all of these biases are human and normal, right? So they're not pathological. They are your brain taking a quick shortcut to help you come up with an explanation for what's going on.

and possibly help your survival, but do that really, really quickly. So, you know, the idea that your brain only has certain information to go on.

So let's say you're walking down the street and you see someone you know on the other side of the street. So you wave and you say hi. And you feel like they've seen you, but they don't wave back. And then your brain goes straight to, oh, that thing I said the other day must have offended her. She must hate me. Everyone must be talking about me. I'm so awful. What was I thinking? How could I say something like that? And you go down this kind of spiral. Yeah.

And if you kind of get the bird's eye view from that scenario, we could sit down here and scribble out 10,000 reasons why that person might not have smiled. But you go down this hole of kind of self-loathing. And so you're taking an event that could have lots of explanations or could be fairly neutral and you're making it about you and often in a negative way that is kind of painful or hurtful to you. So you kind of personalize stuff. Nice.

And I guess kind of understanding these is like, if you understand, oh, I'm personalizing there or I'm catastrophizing. It's again, helpful to hold the thought at arm's length. Yeah. And just being able to kind of even label a thought as personalizing is still one possible version of that reality, right? She might hate you, but also she might not put her contact lenses in. Yeah. You know, it happens. And so it's acknowledging that when you've personalized something,

You can just be free to consider something else and or what you're going to do about it next and or acknowledge that you tend to go down that anxious route of thinking that the worst is happening and it's down to you. And that is your brain doing a good job. Again, it's not like a fault in the system.

Because that is quite a big psychological threat. If you feel like your friendship group or your community is not safe or accepting of you, then...

historically that is a risk to your survival. You know, we live in groups, we live in communities. So, you know, back in the day, if you were rejected by that community, your chances of survival were pretty drastically reduced. And, um, and probably still today, you know, the effects of loneliness are not to be snuffed at. So, um,

It's your brain trying to keep you safe, but it's not always the best reflection of reality. It's just the quickest response from your brain that goes to the thing that's probably going to help you to survive the most. Nice. What are the mental filter filters?

So I did a video on this actually, where I use like a big tray, like a big colander type thing. And I put kind of different sized beans in to show kind of different types of thoughts. And mental filter is often, you get this a lot with depression actually, where the good things that happen, for example, or thoughts about things that could actually make you feel a bit better, tend to get filtered out and kind of disregarded and left.

And then what you're left with to focus on is all the stuff that makes you feel worse and the negative stuff. So I think in the old, it's an old video now, but, um,

I think in the video I used the example of, let's say you make a video and you're scanning through the comments and you're going past hundreds of really positive comments and you're looking for that one person that doesn't like you. And so you're filtering out, you know, on the screen, you're filtering out all the positive thoughts that could help you to feel good about your content. And then you zoom in on that one thing that makes you feel worse. And I did that myself. I noticed in the early days where I was kind of looking through comments

and I was kind of scanning quickly through these really nice comments looking for anyone who, you know, didn't like it. Noticing that was the mental filter in the moment just allowed me to go, no, we're not doing this. Okay, put the phone away. And so it's actually more, you know, labeling it and noticing what bias it is, it's actually more powerful than you think because it just allows you to kind of trip out of the downward spiral. Yeah, that's so good.

I was interviewed on a big podcast recently and the interview came out about a week ago. And I find myself going back to that YouTube video and looking at the comments and sorting my newest, because I've read all the comments on that video. And I'm like, you know, I'm so curious. And I find myself doing this as well. I'm like, yeah, nice comment, nice comment. I'm like, oh, that's the one. And I saw one last night where it said something like, oh, you know, Ali Abdullah is just a scammer or something like that. And I was like, that's the one. And then I realized, wait a minute, like,

who just skipped past like 18 oh my god this interview was incredible Ali is so articulate he's such a humble guy what a nice guy oh my god so helpful best interview ever and I just faux fixated on the one that was like Ali Darza scammer this is what I'm going to think about for the next 48 hours yeah

Your mental filter. Yeah. Again, just having that terminology to be like, and the visual of just like, oh, okay, yeah. Yeah. Fair enough. Yeah. This is a game that we're not going to play. So thank you very much. Yeah. It just enables you to see through it and to see where it's going to take you. And yeah,

then to make the choice about whether you go with that or whether you don't. And sometimes you will, and sometimes you kind of do something different. Hey friends, thank you so much for watching. If you enjoyed this clip, then click here for the full unedited episode. And if you liked that, then do please consider subscribing to the channel. It means a lot, a lot. Thank you so much and have a great day. Bye-bye.